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WEEK 2:

Learning Theory PT1 + PT2

QuestionAnswer
temporal contiguity relationship between conditioned stimuli + unconditioned stimuli (behaviour learned better when CS + UCS shown simultaneously rather than successively)
generalisation in classical conditioning conditioned response to similar conditioned stimuli eg same response to similar thing
extinction learned behaviours disappear if conditioned stimuli (bell) shown without unconditioned stimuli (food)
examples of classical conditioning Pavlov's dogs + Little Albert
conditioned phobias + avoidance avoid exposure to bad stimulus even if it is safe so phobia never gets extinguished + fear never goes away
flooding intense exposure to feared stimulus
counter-conditioning replace bad response with good response to stimulus
systematic desensitisation hierarchy of events, gradual exposure
difference between classical and operant conditioning classical = learning through association BUT operant = learning through consequences
example of operant conditioning Skinner's box
A of operant conditioning? antecedent stimulus- conditions which behaviour occurs eg green light
B of operant conditioning? behaviours (operants)- behavioural response eg rat pull lever
C of operant conditioning consequence- what happens as a result of operant behaviour eg food given
positive reinforcement good behaviour = good reward eg do homework and get cookie
negative reinforcement avoid bad behaviour eg do homework to avoid attention
positive punishment bad behaviour = add bad reward eg no do homework and get slapped
negative punishment bad behaviour = take away good eg no do homework so no games
temporal contiguity in operant conditioning consequence should occur immediately after behaviour for effective learning
generalisation in operant conditioning reinforced behaviour also performed in similar situations to similar cues
extinction in operant conditioning gradual extinction in behaviour when consequences are no longer associated
shaping in operant conditioning complex behaviour taught gradually using small steps
Created by: kablooey
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