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Biology exam 2 pt2.2

QuestionAnswer
genetic variation alleles the different version of a gene & phenotypes the expression of agene
allele the different version of a gene| more range in adaptability -> more alleles-> more phenotypes
phenotype the expression of a gene
recombination randomization of genes/ traits
microevolution changes in allele frequencies over time| study mechanism that causes changes to allele frequencies
natural selection will favor some alleles over others
macroevolution formation of a new species (speciation) allopatric speciation: physical isolation, -> vicariance= dispersal new species
allele frequency proportion of each allele for a gene population/ influenced by: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, genetic flow
genetic flow inter-breeding between populations often due to migration (outcome varies)
genetic drift random fluctuations in allele frequencies (due to randomness of sexual reproduction)
mutations genetic mistakes, generates new alleles
population bottlenecks sudden/ drastic reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events r human activities| failed to maintain genetic variation
founder effect the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population
What is genetic variation? How is greater genetic variation beneficial to a population? • How is genetic variation within a population maintained? differing allele frequencies; helpful because it allows space for a greater number of phenotypes/ adaptable traits
how is genetic variation within a population maintained mostly influenced by physical ranges; will shift
main mechanisms of microevolutionary change natural selection, genetic flow, genetic drift, mutation
Created by: user-1989736
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