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Psych of Emo Final

Psych of Emotion FInal

QuestionAnswer
What does US stand for? Unconditioned Stimulus
What does UR stand for? Unconditioned Response
What does CS stand for? Conditioned Stimulus
What does CR stand for? Conditioned Response
What does NS stand for? Natural Stimulus
What are the features of classical conditioning? 1. Generalization 2. Discrimination 3. Second-Order Conditioning 4. Extinction 5. Spontaneous Recovery 6. Counter Conditioning
What is the statistical term for when there is a lot of variability in classical conditioning? Platykurtosis
What is the statistical term for discrimination, the opposite of generalization? Leptokurtosis
What is second-order conditioning? The intensity of the conditioned response
What is extinction? Repeated exposure to the CS no longer elicits a CR
What is spontaneous recovery? When the CR towards stimuli comes back spontaneously Ex. A PTSD flashback
What is generalization? Heightened response to untrained stimuli
What is the Uncontitioned and Conditioned pattern? US UR CS CR
What is Systematic Desensitization? What does it do? It is unoffically called exposure therapy. It extinguishes each conditioned stimulus as you progress through the platykaric graph
What kind of conditioning is this? Stimulus --> Response Classical Conditioning
What kind of conditioning is this? Response --> Stimulus Operent Conditioning
What machine provides a good example of operent conditioning? A vending machine. Pushing a button acts as the response, which provides a snack, which acts as the stimulus, providing value. R --> S --> K
What are the four types of operent contingencies? Positive Reinforcement (Add good thing) Omission Training (Remove bad thing) Punishment (Add bad thing) Negative Reinforcement (Remove bad thing)
What kind of stimli is appetitive application? Positive Reinforcement
What kind of stimli is appetitive removal? Omission Training
What kind of stimuli is averisive application? Punishment
What kind of stimli is aversive removal? Negative Reinforcement
What is the Scheduel of Reinforcement? Variable Ratio Fixed Ratio Fixed Interval Variable Interval
Variable Ratio's response rate is... The highest response rate
Variable Ratio's patterns of responses are... Constant and without pauses
Fixed Ratio's response rate is... Very high
Fixed Ratio's patterns of responses are... Steady; when the ratio is high, the pause after the reinforcement is low
Fixed Interval's response rate is... Moderate
Fixed Interval's patterns of responses is... A long pause after reinforcement, followed by gradual acceleration
Variable Interval's response rate is... Moderate
Is CR on the X or the Y axis of Compensatory Drug Response graph? Y axis, it represents time
Is HR on the X or the Y axis of the Compensatroy Drug Response graph? X axis
Where is homeostasis on the Compensatory Drug Response graph? The middle of the X axis
Intrinsic Motivation is described as... for the fun of it
Examples of Intrinsic Motivation are... Hobbies, games, stuff you want to do
Extrinsically Motivated activities include... Studying, work, chores, an award
The more extrinsic motivation is added, the more intrinsic motivation is... diminished
If you can go from extrinsic motivation to intrinsic motivation... then you can go from intrinsic motivation to extrinsic motivation
What is the Self-Determination Continuum from left to right? External, Introjected Regulation, Identified Regulation, and Integrated Regulated
An example of Extrinsic Regulation is... Rewards and punishment
An example of Introjected Regulation is... Ego, shame, society, status
An example of Identified Regulation is... Personal benefits
An example of Integrated Regulation is... Sense of self
What is the study of motivation? Focusing on the processes that give behavior its energy and direction
Intrinsic motivation is made up of what three things? Needs, cognition, and emotions
What are the three kinds of needs that contribute to intrinsic motivation? Psychological, social, and physiological
Motivation is measured by... Behavior, latency, and effor
Effort is defined as... the exertion put forth while trying to accomplish a task
Latency is defined as... Delay of response following an inital exposure to a stimulus event
What is Hull's Drive theory? Drive is a pooled energy source, composed of all current bodily deficits/needs
Frontal lobe manages... Decision making and planning
Occipital lobe manages... Decoding visual signals
Temporal lobe manages... Emotions and language processing
Parietal lobe manages... Interpreting the sense of touch
The pons manages... Attention, heart rate, involuntary functions
The pons is made up of which three divisons? The hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain
What is the hindbrain? Heartrate and respiration (pons medula)
What is the midbrain? Bonds with others, food and water, circadium rythem (hypothalamus, amygdala, thalamus, hippocampus)
What is the forebrain? High order functioning and decision making
What are the three principles? 1. An event occurs 2. Biochemical agents stimulate specific brain structures 3. Specific brain structures generate specific motivations
What is a neurotransmitter? A fast acting but fast fading signal found in synapses Ex. Moving your arm
What is a neurohormone? A slow acting but slow fading signal found in the bloodstream Ex. Estrogen or testosterone/ growing pubes
Autonomic NS manages... Automatic movement
Somatic NS manages... Voluntary movement
Sympathetic NS manages... Fight or flight
Parasympathetic NS manages... Relief/Relaxation
The central nervous system is made up of... Brain and spinal cord
The peripheral nervous system is made up of... The autonomic and somatic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system is made up of... The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system
What does dopamine do? It is released when the brain detects a "biologically significant" event; releasing good feelings and goal-directed behavior. Motivation is transformed into action.
What are the three hormones? Cortisol (stress), testosterone (motivation and sex drive), and oxytocin (bonding)
What are the three psychological needs? Autonomy (free will), competence (knowledge and skill), and relatedness (deep bonds)
What is flow? A state of concentration that requires holisitic absorption and deep involvement in an activity
What is the most important practical implication of flow theory? Given the optimal challenge, any activity can be enjoyed
What is relatedness? The psychological need to establish close emotional bonds with other people
What is an exchange relationship? Relationships between aquaintences or buisness partners
What is a communal relationship? When people monitor and keep track of the other person's needs, regardless of any forthcomings
What is an interpersonal relationship? When you take in someone else's beliefs, values, or behavior
What are the four social needs? Achievement, affiliation, intimacy, and power
What is achievment as a social need? Doing something well to show personal competence
What is affiliation? The oppertunity to please others and gain approval
What is intimacy? Warm and secure relationships
What is power? Having an impact on others
What is achievment? The desire to do well relative to an objective standard
What is a matery goal? A self referential goal with relative progress and a subjective standard
What is a performance goal? A goal with absolute progress, compared to someone else, with an objective standard
What are the two kinds of performance goals? Performance approach goals (positive reinforcement) and performance avoidance goal (negative reinforcement)
What are implicit theories? The assumptions we make about peoples' intellegence and ability
What are the two kinds of implicit theories? Entity (fixed mindset) and incrementalism (growth mindset)
What is the difference between social needs and psychological needs? Social needs are a learned need that demostrates competence, whilst psychological needs are innate
What is self-esteem? your confidence level in yourself and your capability
What is self-efficacy? The generative capacity in which the performer improvises how to translate personal abilities into effective performance. It is knowledge of yourself, and learning that you can learn
What increases self-efficacy? It can be increased by believing that one's behavior has a direct influence towards an outcome, and that uncontrollable influences do not have direct influence on the outcome.
What is learned helplessness? The opposite of self-efficacy. It is the learned expectation that one's voluntary behavior won't effect their desired outcomes
What does verbal persuasion do? Works to provide a temporary and provisional efficacy boost to generate the motivation necessary to do something. The difference from it and a compliment, is it fails if the statements aren't true
What is the difference between depressed vs nondepressed peoples' idea of their control? Bewteen high and low level of control situations, both accuratley judged how much control they have. However in a situation when in a no-control situation, nondepressed people overestimate their percieved control, while depressed people do not.
Why do nondepressed people overestimate their percieved control in a situation where they have no control? Depressed people are less likely to develop learned helplessness, and have a equal balance of memories for both positive and negative events in their lives. Nondepressed peoples' memories are biased for recalling more positive events.
What is reactance theory? As long as someone perceives that coping behavior can effect the outcome, reactance behaviors persist. If someone perceives a loss of behavioral freedom, they slip into helplessness
What makes up a model of emotion, going from the top left and right corners, to the bottom left and right corners Feelings, bodily arousal, purpose, and social expressive. In the middle is the emotion, and pointing at it from below is the cause of feeling the emotion
What is the function and value of emotion? To prepare us with quick, automatic, and historically successful responses to life's fundemental tasks. Their functions inlude protection (fear), destruction (anger), reproduction (joy), reuinion (sadness), and rejection (disgust)
Created by: user-1984451
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