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Pharmacology chpt 18

drugs for control of pain

QuestionAnswer
nociceptive pain injury to tissues, this pain may be described as somatic pain (sharp, localized sensations) or visceral pain (generalized dull, throbbing or aching sensation).
neuropathic pain results from injury to the nerves and is typically described by patients as burning, shooting, or numb pain.
nociceptors free nerve endings located throughout the body , pain receptors
A fibers are thinly wrapped in myelin, a lipid substance that speeds nerve transmission.
C fibers are unmylinated , thus they carry information more slowly to the brain.
substance P neurotransmitter, resonsible for continuing the pain message
endogenous opioids group of neurotransmitters, invloves endorphins, dynorphins, and enkephalins; modifies spinal injury information
analgesics are medications used to relieve pain; two basic categories are opioids and nonopioids
narcotic opioids are narcotic substances, meaning that they produce numbness or stupor like symptoms
opiates substance closely related to moriphine extracted from the poppy plant
opioid substance obtained from the unripe seeds of the poppy plant ; natural or synthetic morephine like substance
mu and kappa type of opioid receptor
opioid agonists drugs that stimulate an opioid receptor
opioid antagonists drugs that block an opioid receptor
mu receptor responses analgesia, decreased GI activity, euphoria, physical dependence, respiratory depression, sedation
kappa receptor responses analgesia, decreased GI activity, miosis, sedation
patient controlled analgesia (PCA) when used according to acccepted medical practive, patients can and indeed should recieve pain relief they need without fear of addiction of adverse effects; in this instance patients are allowed to self medicate with opiate medication by pressing abutton
Created by: cann0505
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