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Childhood Trauma

TermDefinition
Trauma vs. Traumatic Stres Trauma: The event, series of events, or set of circumstances Traumatic Stress: The subsequent effects of trauma
Fight Aggression
Flight Escape
Fawn Compliant
Affiliate Oxytocin is released (Attachment Hormone)
At Least One Month: -At least one re-experiencing symptom -One avoidance -Two arousal + reactivity -Two cognition + mood -Severe enough to impact daily life -Unrelated to medication, substance use, or illness
Yound Children PTSD Diagnostic Criteria
Re-Experiencing -Flashbacks -Reoccurring dreams -Distressing thoughts -Physical signs of stress
Avoidance Staying away from things, people, places, activities that are reminders of the traumatic experience -Avoiding thoughts or feelings related to the traumatic event -May lead to a change in routine
Arousal and Reactivity Easily Startled -Feeling on guard, tense -Having difficulty concentrating -Having difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep -Feeling irritable and having angry or aggressive outbursts -Engaging in risky, reckless, or destructive behavior
Cognition and Mood
Burnout Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a reduced feeling of personal accomplishment are symptoms that appear to result from general occupational stress or the wear and tear of cumulative daily stressors
Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) Symptoms resulting from indirect exposure to the traumatic experiences of others
Compassion Fatigue (another term for STS symptoms [less stigmatizing], can be used interchangeably
Individual Risk Factors -Young age -Inexperience -High empathy -Personal History of Trauma
Workplace Risk Factors High proportion of trauma cases -Low salary -Inadequate training
Master control of autonomic system; Plays a role in controlling behaviors like hunger, thirst, sleep, and sexual response. Also regulates secretion of hormones.
Thalamus Serves as a relay station for almost all information that comes and goes from the cortex. Plays a role in pain sensation, attention, alertness, and memory.
Amygdala Part of the limbic system. Plays a role in sensing and responding to threats. Also known as the “smoke detector” of the brain.
Cerebrum/Cerebral cortex Largest part of the brain; Performs higher functions like speech, language, reasoning, problem-solving, learning, fine motor control, etc.
Brain stem Performs many automatic functions, such as breathing, heart rate, body temperature, wake and sleep cycles, etc.
Hippocampus Plays a major role in learning and memory formation, storage, and recall. Easily damaged by stimuli or neurological disorders (e.g. Alzheimer’s).
Pituitary gland Controls other endocrine glands in the body. Secretes hormones that control response to stress (among other functions). Link between the nervous and endocrine systems.
Corpus callosum A bundle of fibers that transmits messages from one hemisphere of the brain to the other.
Gray Matter Consists primarily of neuronal cell bodies. Rapidly increases in volume during first 10 years, then decreases.
White matter
Neurogenesis The creation of neuronal cells. The brain initially makes far more neurons than it needs.
Branching Neurons develop branches that increase surface area for neurons to form synapses (or connections) with other neurons.
Synaptogenesis The process by which neurons form connections with each other via branches or dendrites.
Pruning The process by which the brain eliminates neuronal circuits because of disuse.
Myelination The process by which layers of myelin are produced along neuronal axons, acting as insulation for transmission of information between neurons.
Neuroplasticity The ability of the nervous system to change its activity in response to stimuli by reorganizing its structure, function, or connections.
Created by: EthanTri
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