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Cell Vocab
description and words
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the definition for a cell? | Microscopic structures containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material surrounded by semipermeable membrane and, in plants, a *cell wall*; the basic structural unit of all organisms. |
| What is the definition for osmosis? | The movement of a solvent across a semipermeable membrane to a higher concentration of a solute. |
| What is cell theory? | Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms. |
| What is a cell wall? | The boundary or wall that is part of the outside of some cells. |
| Cell membrane definition | The semipermeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm of a cell. |
| What is a nucleus? | A specialized,spherical mass of protoplasm encased in a double membrane, and found in most living eukaryotic cells, directing their growth, metabolism, and reproduction, and functioning in the transmission of genic characters. |
| What is the definition for organelle? | A specialized part of a cell having some specific function; a cell organ. |
| Ribosome definition | a tiny, somewhat mitten-shaped organelle occurring in great numbers in the cell cytoplasm either freely, in small clusters, or attached to the outer surfaces of endoplasmic reticula, and functioning as the site of protein manufacture. |
| Nucleic acid | any of a group of long, linear macromolecules, either DNA or various types of RNA, that carry genetic information directing all cellular functions: composed of linked nucleotides. |
| Selectively permiable | The property of a barrier, most often a cell membrane, that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it while preventing others from passing. |
| Cytoplasm | The cell substance between the cell membrane and the nucleus, containing the cytosol, organelles, cytoskeleton, and various particles. |
| Mitochondria | Organelles that are found in the cytoplasm of cells and that function in energy production. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | A network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface smooth endoplasmic reticulum or studded with ribosomes rough endoplasmic reticulum, involved in the transport of materials. |
| Chloroplast | A plastid containing chlorophyll. |
| Lysosome | A cell organelle containing enzymes that digest particles and that disintegrate the cell after its death. |
| DNA | The set of nongenetic traits, qualities, or features that characterize a person or thing. |
| Passive transport | The movement of substances across a membrane down their concentration gradient, from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, without the cell expending energy. |
| Active transport | The movement of ions or molecules across a cellular membrane from a lower to a higher concentration, requiring the consumption of energy. |
| Diffusion | The act of diffusing or state of being diffused. |
| Tissues | T group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit. |
| Organ | A grouping of tissues into a distinct structure, as a heart or kidney in animals or a leaf or stamen in plants, that performs a specialized task. |
| Organ system | A group of two or more organs that work together to perform one or more specific, vital functions for the organism. |
| Endocytosis | The transport of solid matter or liquid into a cell by means of a coated vacuole or vesicle. |
| Exocytosis | The transport of material out of a cell by means of a sac or vesicle that first engulfs the material and then is extruded through an opening in the cell membrane. |
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