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Cell Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cell | basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life |
| osmosis | provides the primary means by which water is transported into and out of cells |
| cell theory | scientific theory first formulated in the mid nineteenth century the living organisms are made of cells |
| cell wall | is a structural layer that surrounds some cell types found immediately outside the cell membrane |
| cell membrane | a semi permeable boundary that surrounds all cells separating the internal cells environment from the external enviorment |
| nucleus | the structure in a cell that contains the chromosomes |
| organelle | a subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform in the cell |
| ribosome | a cellular machine made of ribosomal |
| nucleic acid | a complex biomolocule that stores and transmits genetic information |
| selectively permeable | is a barrier like a cell like a cell membrane that allows certain molecules to pass through |
| cytoplasm | the gelatinous liquid fills the inside of a cell |
| mitochondria | an organelle without eukaryotic cells that converts energy from food |
| endoplasmic reticulum | a vast network of membrane-enclosed tubules and sacs within eukaryotic cells that synthesizes proteins and lipids |
| golgi apparatus | a cell organelle, responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for transport within or outside the cell |
| chloroplast | specialized intracellular organelle, performs photosynthesis during the daylight hours |
| lysosome | membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers |
| DNA | polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix, carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth |
| passive transport | a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes |
| active transport | a process in which substances move across a biological membrane against a concentration gradient, relying on the cell's metabolic energy |
| diffusion | The tendency of a gas or solute to pass from a point of higher pressure or concentration to a point of lower pressure or concentration and to distribute itself throughout the available space |
| tissue | a group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit |
| organ | a part of the body that is made up of cells and tissues that perform a specific function |
| organ system | biological system consisting of a group of organs that work together to perform one or more bodily functions |
| endocytosis | cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell |
| exocytosis | form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules out of the cell |
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