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Energy & Heat
Energy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Energy | the ability to do work and cause change |
| Potential energy | stored energy due to position, shape or chemical makeup |
| Chemical Energy | Energy that is stored in the bonds inside of a substance (found in batteries, fuel sources and food) |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy of motion |
| Mechanical Energy | Energy involved in moving objects |
| Sound energy | Energy that travels as vibrations through a medium |
| Thermal energy | A measure of the number of particles and how fast they are moving, otherwise known as heat |
| Electromagnetic / Radiant Energy | Energy transmitted through waves. Also called light energy |
| Nuclear Energy | Energy released when the nucleus of an atom is split or fused |
| Electrical Energy | Movement of electrons |
| The Law of Conservation of Energy | Energy cannot be created or destroyed it only changes form |
| Fission | The splitting of an atomic nucleus to release energy. |
| Fusion | The joining of two nuclei to release energy |
| energy transformation | A change from one form of energy to another |
| Joule | SI metric unit of energy |
| Conduction | The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching. |
| Convection | The transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid |
| Radiation | Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles |
| absolute zero | The coldest temperature, 0 Kelvin, that can be reached. It is the hypothetical temperature at which all molecular motion stops |
| conductor | A material that allows heat and electricity to pass through it |
| Insulator | A material that does not allow heat or electrons to move through it easily. |
| heat | a transfer of thermal energy from one substance to another |
| Temperature | a measure of average kinetic energy of the molecules |
| Celsius and Kelvin | Metric units used to measure temperature |
| renewable resource | A natural resource that can be replaced at the same rate at which the resource is consumed |
| nonrenewable resource | A natural resource that is not replaced in a useful time frame |
| Solar energy | renewable energy from the sun |
| Wind energy | A renewable resource that takes the energy from moving air and turns it into other usable forms of energy. |
| hydroelectric energy | renewable energy associated with the movement of water. |
| biomass energy | renewable energy derived from burning organic materials from plants and animals |
| geothermal energy | A renewable resource that takes the energy from the hot magma inside the earth and turns it into other usable forms of energy |
| coal | nonrenewable resource that is the solid form of fossil fuel |
| petroleum (oil) | nonrenewable resource that is the liquid form of fossil fuel |
| natural gas | nonrenewable resource that is the gas form of fossil fuel |
| nuclear energy | Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom; considered by most to be nonrenewable |
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