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atsci ch 2
energy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| temperature | how hot or cold something is |
| temperature in the molecular level | the measure of the average speed of air molecules |
| conduction | heat travels through an object |
| convection | transfer of heat by the movement of air/water |
| does convection have vertical or horizontal air motions? | vertical |
| what type of energy transfer is responsible for the development of thunderstorms? | convection |
| does advection have vertical or horizontal air motions? | horizontal |
| radiation | heat transfer that does not require substances to touch or a fluid between them |
| specific heat | the amount of heat/energy needed to rise the temperature of 1g of substance by 1 degree c |
| what is responsible for water warming and cooling more slowly than land? | specific heat |
| latent heat | heat energy required to change the phase |
| what is latent heat's importance to the energy exchange? | melting and boiling take a lot of energy to change the state of a substance |
| how do specific phase changes result in warming or cooling of the atmosphere? | if heat is released, it warms the surrounding air. if heat is absorbed, it cools the surrounding air |
| if water goes from a liquid to a solid, that's called_______ | freezing |
| the effect of freezing on surrounding air | warming |
| if water goes from a vapor to a liquid, that's called______ | condensation |
| the effect of condensation on surrounding air | warming |
| if water goes from a vapor to a solid, that's called___________ | deposition |
| effect of deposition on surrounding air | warming |
| if water goes from a solid to a liquid, that's called_________ | melting |
| effect of melting on surrounding air | cooling |
| if water goes from a liquid to a vapor, that's called______ | evaporation |
| effect of evaporation on surrounding air | cooling |
| if water goes from a solid to a vapor, that's called______ | sublimation |
| the effect of sublimation on surrounding air | cooling |
| temperature in long electromagnetic waves | low temp |
| temperature in short electromagnetic waves | high temp |
| what wave has the highest temp | x-rays |
| wavelength in long electromagnetic waves | high wavelength |
| what wave has the longest wavelength | radiowaves |
| wavelength in short electromagnetic waves | low wavelength |
| energy in long electromagnetic waves | low energy |
| energy in short electromagnetic waves | high energy |
| peak radiation of the sun | 0.5 microns |
| peak radiation of the earth | 10 microns |
| blackbody | an object that absorbs as much energy as it releases |
| what radiation do ozone and oxygen absorb | UV radiation |
| selective absorption | gases that absorb in some wavelengths but not others |
| how does the greenhouse effect work in warming the earth | the atmosphere absorbs more than it emits |
| what are the greenhouse gases in our atmosphere | oxygen, ozone, no3, co2, methane |
| albedo | how much solar radiation is reflected back to space |
| how much solar radiation is reflected back into space? | 30% |
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