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Waves Unit
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Frequency | Number of times a wave cycles in one second |
| Absorption | transfer of the energy of a wave to matter as the wave passes through it |
| Oscillate | Moving back and forth in a regular, repeating way |
| Compression | An area of a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together |
| Wavelength | A measure of the distance between adjacent peaks of a wave or one wave cycle |
| Rarefaction | An area of a longitudinal wave where the particles are farthest apart |
| Transmission | the movement of waves through a material (electromagnetic, sound, or seismic) |
| Surface Wave (L-wave) | Rotational waves in the ground near the surface, the slowest type of seismic wave |
| Convex lens | lens that is curved outward in the middle that bends light rays inward, or converging, which results in the object being perceived as larger or closer. |
| Gamma rays | the wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic energy that carries the most energy; emitted by the nucleus of some radionuclides following radioactive decay; useful for treatment of abnormal cancer cells. |
| Secondary Wave (S-wave) | Transverse waves in the ground |
| Wave | A disturbance transporting energy from one location to another |
| Lens | a nearly transparent structure, who's the sole function is to focus light rays; the human lens is biconvex and is located behind the iris and focuses light onto the retina |
| Visible Light | electromagnetic wavelengths and frequency that humans can ‘see.’ |
| Index of Refraction or Refractive Index | measurement of the bending of light when passing from one medium into another |
| Rainbow | an arch of colors, caused by refraction and dispersion of the sun's light in atmospheric water droplets.. |
| Medium | A substance or material that carries a wave |
| Radiant Energy | electromagnetic energy that is released from the sun or another source in all directions. |
| Reflection | material bounces the light energy, heat, or sound without absorbing it. |
| Pupil | adjustable opening in the center of the iris |
| Translucent | allowing light to pass through but not detailed images. |
| Longitudinal Wave | A wave in which the particles move in the same direction at the movement of the wave |
| Visible Light Energy / Visible spectrum | the very small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum with a range of wavelengths (380 nm - 760 nm) that are visible to most humans. |
| Optic Nerve | The central nervous system portion traveling from the back of the eye to the brain that carries images as electrical impulses |
| Ultraviolet radiation | electromagnetic wavelength and frequency that carries enough energy to cause ionization, useful for disinfection, invisible to humans. |
| Non-visible light | the majority of the electromagnetic energy that is not seen by the human eye |
| Microwaves | wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic energy that can be used for point to point communication but also is used to cook. |
| Seismic Wave | Waves that travel through the Earth's layers |
| Freebie | Freebie |
| Electromagnetic Wave | A wave produced by oscillations of electric and magnetic fields and carry electromagnetic energy |
| Prism | piece of glass or other transparent material cut with precise angles, useful for analyzing and reflecting light that separates white light into the spectrum of colors. |
| Trough | The lowest point of the wave |
| Equilibrium | The original resting position of a particle before oscillation |
| Iris | colored, ring-shaped muscle, with an adjustable opening in the center to allow light into the eye, located behind the cornea of the eye |
| Retina | The light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue, photoreceptors, that receive images and sends them as electric signals to the brain; located at the back of the eye |
| Electromagnetic spectrum | he range of all types of radiation coming from the sun or created using perpendicular fields of electrical and magnetic fields. This spectrum includes: radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet |
| Illuminate | make something visible by shining a light on it |
| Opaque | material that does not allow light to pass through. |
| Primary Wave (P-wave) | Longitudinal waves in the ground, the fastest type of seismic wave |
| Infrared radiation | wavelength and frequency of energy that is perceived as heat. |
| Radio waves | longest wavelength and lowest frequency of the electromagnetic waves. Associated with radio and broadcast television signals |
| Shadow | image cast when an opaque body blocks a source of light |
| Concave lens | lens surface curved inward causing light to spread out (diverge) making image smaller and farther. |
| Amplitude | The distance between the equilibrium and crest or trough of a wave |
| Cones | specialized, tapered photoreceptor that provides central vision and the ability to see in color; concentrated around the focal point in the retina. |
| Seismograph | An instrument that is used to detect and record seismic waves |
| X-rays | wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic energy that can pass through the human body, useful for medical imaging. |
| Diffraction | shifting of light waves due to a collision with an object causing the wave to have interference with itself. Interference can be either constructive (appears bigger) or destructive (the wave cancels itself); thereby caus |
| Radiation | the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves typically associated with high-energy waves which cause ionization. |
| Rods | specialized photoreceptor that is rod shaped that provides peripheral or side vision; located in the retina; giving the ability to see in dim light (night vision). Allows us to see black, white, and grey. |
| Transparent | allowing light to pass through so that objects behind can be distinctly seen |
| Mechanical Wave | A wave produced by a mechanical movement or vibrating object |
| Cornea | the transparent layer forming the front of the eye that transmits light into the eye. |
| Transverse Wave | A wave in which the particles move perpendicular to the direction of movement of the wave |
| Focal Point | the point at which rays or waves meet after reflection or refraction |
| Crest | The highest point of the wave |
| Refraction | material causes wave to change direction and speed as it passes from one medium to another; appearing as a bend in the light |
| Optical Illusion | an experience of seeing something which does not exist or is other than it appears. |
Created by:
JoshuaLeskowsky
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