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ELS PREFINALS SEM1
BLSD. DANIELA
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| It says that living things are made up of cells and are composed of one or more cells, which are fundamental units of life | CELLULAR ORGANIZATION |
| Single cell They are like the bacteria | UNICELLULAR |
| A multicellular organisms, cells are organized into higher levels of organization. All biological are connected in cell | MULTICELLULAR |
| All we eat, drink and other substances that we are taken has a process. Living things engage in metabolic processes which involve converting food into energy. | METABOLISM |
| Is primarily concerned with “building up” and requires energy to synthesize complex molecules from simpler ones, essential for growth and repair. | ANABOLISM |
| Is focuses on “breaking down” substances, releasing energy that can be used for various cellular activities | CATABOLISM |
| Growth can involve and increase in size or number of cells, while development refers to changes in form and function throughout an organism. | GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT |
| Living things can responds to environmental stimuli, such as light, temperature and chemicals. | RESPONSE TO STIMULI |
| Is a signal or charge in the environmental of the organism that produces a response or reaction from that organism. | STIMULI |
| No organism is completely isolated from its surroundings. | LIVING THINGS INTERACT |
| Living organism have the ability to reproduce, either sexually or asexually It encompasses the processes by which organisms produce offspring, ensuring the continuation of their species and the transfer of genetic information. | REPRODUCTION |
| Involves the fusion of male and female gametes, resulting in offspring with genetic variation. | SEXUAL REPRODUCTION |
| Involves a single parent producing genetically identical offspring (clones) | ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION |
| Is a foundational concept in biology that links various disciplines and enhances our understanding of life’s complexity Is a direct consequence of the process of evolution by natural selection. As environments, organism with advantageous adaptations. | ADAPTATION |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY Are building blocks of matter | ATOMS |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY Is a combination of atoms formed through chemical bonding. | MOLECULES |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY Is a large complex of molecules that are essential for various biological processes. | MACROMOLECULES |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY Literally means “little organ is a specialized subunit w within a cell that has a specific function. | ORGANELLE |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY Is the basic structural and functional unit og all living organism. | CELL |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY A group of cells performing specific functions. | TISSUE |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY They are formed from clusters and layers of tissues carrying specific function. | ORGANS |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY A group of organs functioning together in a system. | ORGAN SYSTEM |
| LEVEL OF BIOLOGICAL HIERARCHY Are the individual in a population functioning and performing the characteristics of living things. | ORGANISM |
| Refers to the group of organisms of the same species interacting together | POPULATION |
| Consists of different populations (different species) living and sharing a particular habitat. | COMMUNITY |
| Composed of communities interacting with the non-living components of the environment which include the soil, water, temperature and even light. | ECOSYSTEM |
| Consists of all ecosystem life on land, water or lower atmosphere. It is where all interactions happen. | BIOSPHERE |
| This process involves the absorption, transfer, release and reabsorption of nutrients, effectively recycling them with ecosystem. | NUTRIENT CYCLE |
| Use solar energy to produce organic material through photosynthesis. (ex. plants) Are organisms that synthesize organic compounds from inorganic substances. | PRODUCERS |
| Is an individual or organism that utilizes good and services for personal use rather than for production. | CONSUMER |
| Organism that primarily consume plants or algae. This is the primary consumer. | HERBIVORES |
| Organism that primarily eat other animals. | CARNIVORES |
| Consume both plants and animals, allowing them to occult multiple trophic | OMNIVORES |
| Break down dead orgnanic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem. | DECOMPOSERS |
| It involves complex interactions among biological systems and encompasses various forms. From simple bacteria to complex multicellular organisms like plants and animals. | LIFE |
| Life on Earth began more than 3 billion years ago. The first observations of bacteria were made by Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek called Phototrophic Bacteria in 1676. | EVOLUTION OF LIFE |
| Also known as “blue- green algae. They are significant for their role in producing oxygen and are among the oldest life forms on Earth. Are significant contributors to global oxygen production and play a crucial role in aquatic ecosystem. | Cyanobacteria |
| These bacteria do not produce oxygen as a by product of photosynthesis. It use light energy for growth without producing oxygen as by product. | ANOXYGENIC PHOTOTROPHUC BACTERIA |
| Are unicellular organism characterized by the absence of a distinct membrane-bound nucleus and other mebrane-bound organelles. They are primarily classified into two domains: Bacteria and Archea. | PROKARYOTES |
| Refers to processes, organism, or conditions that occur in the absence of free oxygen. | ANAEROBIC |
| The theory of evolution explains how we and all living creatures have changed and developed over the millennia. Looking at the similarities and differences in species, shape, size, and colour. | EVOLUTION |
| It is believed that life forms and everything in the universe were created through a divine force rather than naturalistic means | DIVINE CREATION THEORY |
| They believed that life originated as a spontaneous event. It is hypothetical process by which living organism develop from non-living matter. They stated that random events probably produced stable molecules that could self-replicate. | SPONTANEOUS GENERATION THEORY |
| A italian physician who disapprove the theory Demonstarted that maggots arise from flies, not from the decaying matter. | FRANCISCO REDI |
| Obserced that when meat juices were boiled for three-quarters of an hour and then sealed, no life developed. | LAZARO SPALLANZANI |
| Devised a culture flask that admitted through a curved tube any bacteria contained in the air and settled on their own weight in the curve if the tube. No life appeared in the flask. | LOUISE PASTEUR |
| Was proposed by Earnst Haeckel in 1860s Believed that when living things can only produced by another living thing and not by a non-living things. Living thing = living things | BIOGENESIS THEORY |
| Most biologist believe that life began in primordial seas. Water formed a vapor liquid and the seas appeared. Sunlight, acting on the water where carbon dioxide and ammonia were present, formed more complex compounds | ABIOGENESIS THEORY |
| 3 billion years ago, Earth’s oceans were covered with ice. This theory contends that the ice may have protected the compounds, allowing them to interact and, thereby, creating life. | BENEATH THE ICE |
| It has been proven that ________ can produce simple sugars and amino acids from simple elements in the atmosphere. | ELECTRICITY |
| Is the proposal that life on Earth began from Rocks, and other debris from impacts, in the form of highly resistant spores (cosmozoa), such as meteorites. | PANSPERMIA (COSMOZOIC THEORY) |
| Research at the University of Glasgow, in Scotland, has given rise to the theory that life on Eath may have evolved in Clay. | CLAY BREEDING GROUND |
| RNA (Ribonuclei acid) i known today for its role in the expression of genes. This theory states that all life sprouted from a complex RNA | RNA WORLD |
| It refers to the essential energy that sustains biological processes and enables organisms to perform functions necessary for survival growth. | LIFE ENERGY |
| Convert energy - poor carbon dioxide into energy - rich organic compounds, forming the foundation of energy flow in ecosystem. | AUTOTROPHIC PROCESSES |
| Obtain energy by consuming organic ,atter produced by autotrophs. This includes animals, fungi, and many micro-organisms that break down pre-existing organic molecules to extract usable energy. | HETEROTROPHIC PROCESSES |
| The main energy currency of cells, ATP stores and transfers energy for various cellular processes. When ATP is converted to adenosine, diphosphate (ADP), it releases energy that powers metabolic activities. | ATP |
| Plants capture solar energy and convert it into chemical energy stored in glucose. | PHOTOSYNTHESIS |
| Organisms break down glucose to produce ATP, releasing stored energy for cellular functions. | CELLULAR RESPIRATION |
| Energy flows through food weebs, moving from produces to consumer and decomposers, with each transfer resulting in some loss of usable energy as heat. | ENERGY TRANSFER |
| Water is absorbs through the roots and carried through the stem to the rest of the plants. WATER | WATER |
| Water is absorbs through the roots and carried through the stem to the rest of the plants. WATER | CARBON DIOXIDE |
| Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts found in plant leaves. Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll, a green pigment that captures light energy and other molecules essential for photosynthesis. | INSIDE THE LEAF |
| Plants use sunlight to capture energy. Plant leaves contain a pigment called chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight.. | SUNLIGHT |
| converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen | THE PHOTOSYNTHESIS REACTION |
| The reaction happen in thylakoid The primary product are TP and NADPH (Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide phosphate) which store energy for the next stage of photosynthesis. | LIGHT DEPENDENT |
| The reaction occurs in the stroma of Chloroplasts The primary product is glucose, which serves as an energy source for he plant. This glucose can be used immediately for energy or stored for later use. | LIGHT INDEPENDENT |
| The photosynthesis reaction produces glucose which provides energy for the plants. Excess glucose can be stored in the form of starch for later use. | GLUCOSE PRODUCTION |
| Oxygen is released as a byproduct of the photosynthesis process. It is released into the air through the stomata. This oxygen is essential for supporting the respiration of animals and other organisms | OXYGEN REKEASE |
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