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Thermal Energy Vocab
Thermal Energy Vocabulary Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Temperature | A measure of how hot or cold something is. |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy that an object has because it is moving. |
| Energy Transfer | The process of energy moving from one system, object, or region to another. |
| Conductor | A material that maximizes the flow of electric current or heat through it with minimal resistance. |
| Insulator | A material that minimizes the flow of energy, such as electricity, heat, or cold. |
| Convection | A process of heat transfer that occurs in fluids (liquids or gases) through the movement of matter. Warmer, less dense portions of the fluid rise, while cooler, denser portions sink. |
| Conduction | The transfer of energy, such as heat or electricity, through direct contact between particles or materials |
| Radiation | Transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles that travel through space or a material. |
| Volume | The amount of three-dimensional space occupied by a substance or enclosed by a surface. |
| Collide | When one object to hit another object. During this interaction, energy is transferred from one object to the other. |
| Collision | When two or more objects come into sudden, forceful contact or bump into each other, like a ball hitting a wall. |
| Heat | The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler one. |
| Particle | A tiny, fundamental piece of matter that makes up everything around us. These particles are far too small to see, but they are constantly moving and interact with each other. |
| Stored Energy | Or potential energy, which is the energy an object or substance has because of its position or state. |
| Average | A single number that represents or summarizes a group of different numbers. To calculate the average: 1. Add all the numbers together. 2. Divide that total by the count of how many numbers are in the set. |
| Proportional | Two quantities change in a predictable and consistent way such as speed and temperature. |
| Ratio | A comparison of two numbers or amounts that shows their relative sizes. |
| Thermal Energy | The total kinetic energy of all of the molecules that make up a substance. |
| Potential Energy | Or stored energy, which is the energy an object or substance has because of its position or state. |
| Heat Energy | The energy of motion found in the tiny particles (atoms and molecules) that make up everything, and it's the energy that transfers from a warmer object to a cooler one |
| Friction | A force that resists motion between two surfaces that are touching or sliding against each other |
| Joule | (J) is the basic unit used to measure energy. |
| Force | A push or a pull on an object that can cause it to start moving, stop moving, speed up, slow down, change direction, or change shape. |
| Transformation of Energy | When energy changes from one form to another. |
| Thermometer | A tool that measures temperature, or how hot or cold something is. |
| Farenheit | A temperature scale where water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F at standard pressure. |
| Celcius | A temperature scale where water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C at standard pressure. |
| Pendulum | A weight, or "bob," that hangs from a fixed point so it can swing freely back and forth. A playground swing is a great example. |
| Sound Energy | The energy we can hear, created by vibrations that travel as waves through a substance like air, water, or a solid. |
| Conservation of Energy | Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change from one form into another |
Created by:
rachael.deatherage
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