Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BLP Exam #1 Quizzes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| One distinction between Pavlovian and Instrumental Conditioning? | In Pavlovian conditioning, subjects learn as association; in instrumental conditioning, subjects do not. |
| Getting a shot from a doctor makes you wince in pain when they inject the needle. Because you often get shots at the doctor’s office, you are now afraid of the doctor’s office. What is the CS in this example? | doctor's office |
| Descartes noticed that some behaviors seemed involuntary and automatic---and called them ____. | reflexes |
| Descartes' positon on human and animal behavior | Voluntary human behaviors are governed by free will; involuntary human behaviors and all animal behaviors are governed by reflexes. |
| According to Thorndike's law of effect, _____. | behaviors followed by desirable outcomes are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by undesirable outcomes are less likely to be repeated. |
| David Hartley identified two major factors that influence learning by association, they are ____ and ____. | contiguity; repetition |
| The British empiricists believed that complex ideas are | the product of simple sensations combined by association. |
| Descartes believed that the mind (free will) controlled the physical body through the _____. | pineal gland |
| Scientific Materialists believed that all behaviors can be explained as | reflexes. |
| Watson and other behaviorists would argue that the only directly observable events involved in learning are ________. | the S and the R |
| In this equation of the Mathematical-Deductive Approach, the learning variables are represented by ___ and ___. Rp = (D * SHR * K * V) – (Ir + SIR) | sHr; sIr |
| You go to a loud concert. Over the course of the concert, you are able to tolerate the intensity of the sound. However, when you leave the concert, you have trouble hearing anyone who is talking at a normal volume. This is an example of | sensory adaptation |
| Which of the following is NOT true about learning? | Learning is another word for maturation |
| Which historical figure in psychology is credited with establishing that classical conditioning and instrumental conditioning are separate forms of learning? | B.F. Skinner |
| Sensory adaptation occurs in which of the following physiological areas? | The sensory organ |
| Clark Hull attempted to describe all of behavior using ____. | a mathematical formula |
| Describe a sign stimulus | a sign stimulus is sufficient for eliciting a modal action pattern |
| How do researchers tell when learning has occurred? | look for a change in behavior |
| Example of something that is NOT modal action pattern | startle response of rats |
| What is the correct pathway of the neural signal in a reflex arc? | afferent neuron, interneuron, efferent neuron |
| What comparison must be made to determine the cause of behavior change in learning experiments? | a comparison between behavior of subjects who have received a training experience and the behavior of others who have not |
| Something not true of the general-process approach to learning | We expect that all species learn the same contents and at the same speed. |
| What is true regarding any given modal action pattern? | a modal action pattern involves species-specific responses |
| What is the simplest form of elicited behavior? | A reflexive behavior |
| Tolman showed that animals can form ____ by citing an experiment by Tinklepaugh in which chimps became upset when lettuce was secretly substituted for banana. | expectations |
| A bright light causes a startle response. The second presentation of the light elicits less of a response because the subject was temporarily blinded by the first light flash. This is an example of | sensory adaptation |
| According to the dual-process theory, each presentation of a given stimulus activates | the simple S-R reflex |
| Repeated presentation of a stimulus will cause | either habituation or sensitization effects, depending on the subject's level of arousal |
| Spontaneous recovery from habituation occurs | after time passes |
| In Groves and Thompson's dual-process theory of habituation and sensitization, habituation lies in the ___, while the ____ is responsible for sensitization. | neural pathway; state system |
| Habituation in the Aplysia occurs due to | changes in the amount of neurotransmitter released by the sensory neuron. |
| Habituation decreases | decreases responsiveness to a stimulus with repeated presentations |
| To rule out response fatigue as the cause for the decreased responding that occurs over repeated presentations of a stimulus, the researcher could | present a new stimulus that elicits a similar response. |
| According to Groves and Thompson, why would the same tone result in habituation for rats exposed to a low level background noise and sensitization for rats exposed to high level background noise? | The high level background noise and tone combination activated the state system which amplified the S-R pathway.. |
| According to the Opponent-Process theory, an emotion-arousing stimulus initially elicits | the a process directly |
| In Aplysia, habituation of the gill withdrawal effect due to stimulation of the siphon | has no effect on the response to stimulation of the mantle. |
| According to the Opponent-Process theory, responses undergo habituation because | the b process grows larger |
| Applying a shock to the tail of the Aplysia | increases responding to stimulation of both the siphon and mantle. |
| Sensitization in the Aplysia occurs due to | changes in the action potential of the sensory neuron |
| In Aplysia, the role of the facilitory interneuron is to | increase the release of neurotransmitter from the sensory neuron. |
| John Locke believed that ____. | the ideas humans had were acquired directly or indirectly after birth. |
| On the one hand, Plato attributes knowledge to an innate mechanism, and on the other hand, Aristotle claims the environment shapes our knowledge. This controversy is best described as the current _____ debate. | nature v nurture |
| Norman flips a switch. Nothing happens immediately, but two hours later the lights come on. Norman will likely not associate the switch with the lights because there was a lack of _____. | contiguity |
| Descartes noticed that some behaviors seemed involuntary and automatic---and called them ____. | reflexes |
| The philosophical tenet held by Plato (and others) that human knowledge is innate and brought forth by experience is known as ____. |
Created by:
user-1862529
Popular Psychology sets