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Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are ACE inhibitors commonly used to treat? | ACE inhibitors treat cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension |
| What is the mechanism of action for ACE Inhibitors? | The MOA for ACE Inhibitors is that they inhibit the activity of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme). This stops angiotensin I from being converted into angiotensin II *This reduces angiotensin II and aldosterone levels |
| What is angiotensin II? | Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that stimulates the release of aldosterone |
| What is aldosterone? | Aldosterone is a hormone that contributes to increased blood pressure |
| What is a potential issue with taking ACE inhibitors? (What causes the cough from ACE inhibitors) | ACE inhibitors can cause the accumulation of bradykinins, which reduces peripheral resistance |
| What are bradykinins? | Bradykinins are peptides that produce the dilation of arteries |
| Which ACE inhibitors are pro-drugs? | Pro-drugs of the ACE inhibitor class are trandolapril, ramipril, quinapril, perindopril and enalapril |
| What is a first-line therapy for patients with Chronic Kidney Disease, Diabetes and/or Coronary Artery Disease? | ACE Inhibitors are a first line therapy for patients with CKD, Diabetes and CAD |
| Are prodrugs the first choice for patients with decreased liver function? | No. Prodrugs (such as enalapril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, trandolapril) are not the first choice for patients with decreased liver function. |
| What is a good choice for an ACE inhibitor in a patient with decreased kidney function? | Fosinopril is the first choice of ACE inhibitors for patients with decreased kidney function |
| What percentage of fosinopril is eliminated by both kidney and liver? | 50% of fosinopril is eliminated by the liver and kindey (50% each) |
| What percentage do all ACE Inhibitors (except fosinopril) eliminate by the kidneys? | All ACEIs are eliminated 90% by the kidneys (fosinopril is different - it's eliminated 50% by the kidneys and the other 50% by the liver) |
| What is a common adverse reaction to ACE Inhibitors? | Common adverse reactions to ACE Inhibitors are hypotension, light-headedness, and dry cough (from build-up of bradykinins) |
| What can cause dry cough when taking ACE Inhibitors? | Dry cough is caused by a build-up of bradykinins (peptides that cause dilation of arteries) |
| What are the common aux/warning labels for ACE Inhibitors? | The common aux labels for ACE Inhibitors are: 1) May cause dizziness or light headedness 2) May cause dry cough; if it permits, report to your doctor. |
| What is the generic name of Accupril? | Accupril is quinapril |
| What is the generic name of Altace? | Altace is ramipril |
| What is the generic name of Capoten? | Capoten is captopril |
| What is the generic name of Coversyl? | Coversyl is perindopril |
| What is the generic name of Inibace? | Inhibace is cilazapril |
| What is the generic name of Lotensin? | Lotensin is benazepril |
| What is the generic name of Mavik? | Mavik is trandolapril |
| What is the generic name of Monopril? | Monopril is fosinopril |
| What is the generic name of Prinivil and Zestril? | Prinivil and Zestril is lisinopril |
| What is the generic name of Vasotec? | Vasotec is enalapril |
Created by:
maryesta
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