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Child Development 1
Child Development chapter one by Celia Decker
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Child Development | The scientific study of children from conception to adolescence |
| Development | The gradual process through which babies become adults |
| Environment | All the conditions and situations that surround and affect a child |
| Epigenome | Above the genes, consisting of chemicals that can turn genes on and off |
| Genes | Sections of DNA molecule found in a person's cell that determines their individual traits |
| Heredity | All traits passed to a child from blood relatives |
| Individual Life Cycle | A description of the stages of change people experience throughout life |
| Intellectual Development | How and what people learn, and how how people talk |
| Physical Development | Growth of the body and the development of both large and small motor skills |
| Stressors | Situations that cause worry and anxiety |
| Age Norm | Time when a developmental milestone occurs |
| Developmental Acceleration | When a child performs like an older child |
| Developmental Delay | When a child performs like a younger child |
| Principles of Growth and Development | Patterns in how people grow |
| Sequenced Steps | Set order of development and growth |
| Teachable Moments | Optimal time when someone can learn a new task |
| Theory | Set of statements offered as possible answers to a phenomenon |
| Child-Centered Society | Sees children as important, cares about their needs, and works to meet them where they are |
| Direct Observation | Watching children in their natural environment |
| Indirect Observation | Includes asking parents, teachers, other children, and observing products made by the child |
| Self-Actualization | To grow and feel fulfilled as a person |
| Physical Child Development (domain) | How children grow and mature through muscles and motor skills |
| Social Child Development (domain) | How children grow relationships, develop sense of self, become dependable |
| Intellectual | How and what children learn, and how theory language skills develop. Affected by environment |
| Emotional | How children identify, understand, and manage (self-regulation) their emotions. How accurate they can read them. Inherited but greatly affected by experiences |
| Prenatal | conception to birth. fastest growth, can hear, move, and react |
| Neonatal | birth to one month. physically adapts to life outside |
| Infancy | I month to 12 months. foundation for motor, thinking, language, and social skills |
| Toddler | 12 months to 3 years. fast growth in skills and tests their independence |
| Preschool | 3 years to 6 years. More self-sufficient and spend many hours exploring social and physical world. develop sense of self |
| School age | 6 years to 12 years. Achievement is main goal, basics of writing, reading, and math. Learning opportunities + interactions with peers and learning in groups. Important to learn self control and they have stable feelings of self and how others feel about t |
| Principals of growth | Occur at different rates, tend to be constant, are gradual and continuous. progress in sequential steps, and are interrelated |
| Self actualization | all needs are filled to some degree (top) |
| Esteem | needs to be liked and respected (2nd to top) |
| Love and acceptance | needs support, assurance, praise, and acceptance (middle) |
| Security | needs to feel safe in surroundings (2nd to bottom) |
| physical needs | air, water, food, clothing, shelter, and medical care (bottom) |
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