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Final Review (NT)
RAD 100 Final Review
| What is the Principle of Diagnostic Yield? | This pertains to diagnostic accuracy and diagnosis-related patient outcomes. As orders come in, we need to relate the type of exams to what is going on with the patient. |
| Explain the Principle of Diagnostic Efficacy | This pertains to ALARA. We need to ensure that we obtain a diagnostic image with minimal radiation exposure. |
| What are some of the basic principles of manipulation of radiographic equipment? | This includes moving the x-ray tube, perpendicular to the image receptor, moving the wall bucky and adjusting the tube with it, moving the table top up and down, appropriate technique, and collimation. |
| What are the essential components of the x-ray system? | The x-ray tube, control system/console, tabletop, wall bucky, and image receptor. |
| What is the difference between kVp and mAs? | kVp pertains to the quality, while mAs pertains to the quantity |
| What is the purpose and importance of collimation? | It controls the size and shape of the x-ray field coming out of the x-ray tube. It contains lead slides and illuminates the body parts that are being imaged to ensure that we only capture what is needed on the x-rays. |
| What are the different types of x-ray tables? | Stationary and floating table tops |
| What are some x-ray tube support systems? | Floor to ceiling support, mobile, AEC on the wall bucky, and detenting |
| What is the purpose of the upright image receptor? | Used for weight-bearing exams such as chest, shoulder, spine, knee, pelvic, etc. Patients are standing upright and we can adjust/position it to the patients height and body parts. |
| What are some positioning aids that you can use? | Foam wedges and blocks, sandbags, piggostat, and bands |
| True or false: The coronal plane divides the body into right and left halves. | False. The coronal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts. |
| True or false: The sagittal plane divides the body into right and left halves. | True |
| What does the transverse plane divide the body into? | Superior and inferior parts |
| Define medial vs lateral terms | Medial means to closer to the midline, while lateral means further from the midline |
| Define abduction vs adduction | Abduction means moving your limb away from the mid-line, while adduction means moving your limb towards the mid-line |
| What is the anatomical position? | Standing upright, head and eyes are straight forward, upper limbs are at their sides and slightly away from their trunk, palms facing forward, thumbs pointing away from body, lower limbs are parallel, feet are flat on the ground and facing forward. |
| What are the routine positions for the hand? | PA, Oblique, and Lateral |
| What are the routine positions for the foot? | AP, Oblique, and Lateral |
| What are the routine positions for the thorax/chest? | PA and Lateral |
| What anatomical landmark can you use for positioning the fingers? | CR is directed to the PIP joint and you can see the distal, middle, and proximal phalanges, and distal metacarpals |
| What anatomical landmark can you use for positioning the foot? | CR is directed to the 3rd metatarsal and you can see the entire foot |
| What anatomical landmark can you use for positioning the chest? | CR is directed to T7 and you can see both lungs from the apices to costophrenic angles, heart shadow, clavicles, and 10 posterior ribs above the diaphragm |
| What qualities do you need to be a caring radiologic and imaging sciences professional? | Personal understanding, communication techniques, emotional intelligence, self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills |
| What is Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? | It suggests that all people strive from a basic level of physiologic needs toward a level of self-actualization. It includes all persons such as professionals and patients alike. |
| What is included in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs? | Physiologic, Safety, Belongingness and Love, Esteem, Need to Know and Understand, Aesthetics, and Self-Actualization |
| Define inpatient vs outpatient | Inpatient: someone who has been admitted to the hospital overnight for diagnostic studies or treatment. Outpatient: someone who has come to the medical facility for diagnostic testing or treatment but does not occupy a bed overnight. |
| Why is patient interaction important to patients? | Patients who need imaging are in a vulnerable state and do not have full control over their situation. Communication skills, empathy, and gentle touch, are important to help our patients feel seen, heard, and understood. |
| Why is patient interaction important to patients' family and friends? | For continuation of care; they should be in the loop about what is going on, how to properly help take care of the patient when discharged, and to follow up with the nurse and/or provider as well. |
| Define verbal and non-verbal communication | Verbal communication: appropriate speech pace and tone, speak step by step, clear and concise, project your voice, and confidence. Non-verbal communication: body language, facial expressions, gentle touch, professional appearance, and visual contact. |
| What is an appropriate interaction technique when working with seriously ill and traumatized patients? | We need to communicate with them at a level of coherency and work quickly and efficiently, even if they aren’t responding. |
| What is an appropriate interaction technique when working with speech-impaired and hearing-impaired patients? | For those who can read, we should communicate with them through writing. Pantomime and demonstrating to the patient works well to gain understanding of instructions. |
| What are some considerations that you can do to compensate for the physical changes of aging of patients? | We need to ensure comfort and safety by modifying our techniques and using support aids during the procedures. |
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naomi_taylorrr
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