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PhySci-Unit2-Matter
From Ch14.1 15.1 15.2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| kinetic theory | an explanation of how particles in gases behave |
| matter | anything that has mass and takes up space and is made of atoms |
| solid state | has definite fixed shape with vibrating particles with low kinetic energy that do not move around freely |
| liquid state | has definite volume but takes the shape of the container, has vibrating particles with medium kinetic energy that move around each other |
| gas state | has no definite volume or shape, particles spread out and will occupy all available space has moving particles with extremely high kinetic energy |
| thermal energy | total energy of a materials particles |
| temperature | the average kinetic energy in a substance |
| kinetic energy | the energy of motion |
| melting point | the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid |
| freezing point | the temperature at which a liquid becomes a solid |
| evaporation | when particles on the surface of a liquid have enough kinetic energy to escape the liquid and move into the air |
| boiling point | the temperature at which the pressure of the vapor in the liquid is equal to the external pressure acting on the surface of the liquid |
| sublimation | the process of a solid changing directly to a gas without forming a liquid |
| plasma | matter that has enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between their atoms |
| thermal expansion | an increase in the size of a substance when the temperature increases |
| substance | a type of matter with a fixed composition |
| element | a substance made up of one kind of atom |
| compound | a substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined in fixed proportions |
| heterogeneous mixture | a mixture with a distinct materials that are not evenly distributed |
| suspension | a heterogeneous mixture made of liquid and solid particles that will settle out overtime |
| colloid | a heterogeneous mixture with particles that do not settle out over time |
| homogeneous mixture | a mixture with particles that remain consistently and uniformly distributed and particles are so small they must be seen with a microscope |
| solution | a homogeneous mixture |
| physical property | a characteristic of a material that can be observed without changing the identity of the material |
| physical change | a change in the size, shape, or state of matter in which the identity of the substance remains the same |
| chemical property | a characteristic of a material that can be observed only changing the material into a new substance |
| chemical change | a change of one substance into another, different substance with different properties |
Created by:
lpgullett
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