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Non-Medical Drug Use
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define "drug abuse"? | Use of a drug in a way that differs from the accepted patterns in a society or Use of drugs in a manner which causes major and continuing problems in life |
| Define "experimental" non-medical drug use? | Use of a drug on a few occasions because of curiosity about it |
| Define "Recreational" non-medical drug use? | The casual use of modest amounts of a drug for its pleasurable effects |
| Define "Circumstantial" non-medical drug use? | Use of a drug in certain situations |
| Define "Compulsive " non-medical drug use or drug dependence? | Continued use of a drug despite adverse medical or social consequences |
| Define "Tolerance"? | Decreased response to a given dose of drug after repeated doses d/t Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic (downregulation or 2nd messengers), behavioral reasons |
| Define "Psychological dependence"? | Drug needed for optimal state of mental well-being |
| What is the "Minimax Principle"? | drug minimizes discomfort or maximizes pleasure |
| Define "Physical dependence"? | An altered physiological state produced by repeated use of a drug, which requires continued use of drug in order to prevent an abstinence or withdrawal syndrome |
| Define "Abstinence syndrome"? | A physiological reaction to the absence of a drug to which a person is physically dependent |
| Define "Cross dependence"? | The ability of one drug to block the withdrawal syndrome of another drug and to maintain the dependent state |
| Define "Addiction"? | An extreme pattern of compulsive drug use with a high possibility of relapse after withdrawal |
| What is the DSM IV definition of "Substance dependence"? | A cluster of symptoms indicating that the individual continues use of the substance despite significant substance-related problems |
| A person may initiate drug use in order to...? | Escape from reality; Obtain a sense of euphoria; Escape high levels of anxiety; Gain membership in a social group; Relieve physical pain; Bolster a poor self image; Enhance introspection or creativity; Have a novel experience |
| What characteristics are common in users that are considered "vulnerable"? | Impulsive nature; Rebelliousness; Low frustration; tolerance; Depressed; Anxious; Antisocial; More sensitive to euphoric effects; Especially sensitive to social pressures |
| What is the "brain reward system"? | Brain reward circuit initiated by stimulation or disinhibition of DA neurons in ventral tegmentum. Terminal projections of these neurons release dopamine in nucleus accumbens, resulting in reward. |
| What is the potential site of action for cocaine and amphetamines in the "brain reward system"? | nucleus accumbens. This nucleus is thought to play an important role in reward, pleasure, and addiction |
| What is the ventral tegmentum area? | is part of the midbrain, lying close to the substantia nigra. It is rich in dopamine and serotonin neurons, and is part of two major dopamine pathways: mesolimbic and mesocortical. It is considered to be part of the pleasure system, or reward circuit |
Created by:
psfisher50
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