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Pharmacologic CategoryGenericBrandClassificationIndicationKey Side effectsUS Boxed WarningsOther Notes
Alpha2 agonist tizanidine (PO) Zanaflex n/a Spasticity Key Side Effects: drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, weakness n/a n/a
Aminoquinolone hydroxychloroquine (PO) Plaquenil n/a RA, SLE, malaria Key Side Effects: retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea n/a Other Notes: long-term use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, QT prolongation, and neuromuscular effects (i.e., myopathy, palsies, and progressive weakness)
NSAID diclofenac (topical) Voltaren Gel OTC OA Key Side Effects: pruritus, rash n/a n/a
NSAID diclofenac (PO) Voltaren n/a OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea may increase the risk of serious (potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis)
NSAID ibuprofen (PO) Motrin, Advil OTC OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea may increase the risk of serious (potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis)
NSAID meloxicam (PO) Mobic n/a OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea may increase the risk of serious (potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis)
NSAID indomethacin (PO) Indocin n/a OA, RA, acute pain, gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea may increase the risk of serious (potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis)
NSAID naproxen (PO) Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve OTC OA, RA, acute pain, gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea may increase the risk of serious (potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis)
NSAID ketorolac (PO, IV) Toradol n/a Pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea may increase risk of serious (may be fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, & stroke; may increase risk for serious (may be fatal) gastrointestinal side events including ulceration, bleeding, & perforation (ketorolac): for short term use (≤ 5 ) Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis)
NSAID, COX-2 selective celecoxib (PO) Celebrex n/a OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea may increase the risk of serious (potentially fatal) cardiovascular thrombotic events, MI, and stroke; may increase the risk for serious (potentially fatal) gastrointestinal adverse events including ulceration, bleeding, and perforation Other Notes: may reduce renal blood flow and compromise existing renal function (avoid in patients with renal disease, heart failure, and cirrhosis)
Skeletal muscle relaxant cyclobenzaprine (PO) Flexeril, Amrix, Fexmid n/a Muscle spasm Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue n/a Other Notes: use may cause prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; CI within 14 days of MAOI therapy
Skeletal muscle relaxant baclofen (PO) n/a n/a Spasticity Key Side Effects: drowsiness n/a n/a
Skeletal muscle relaxant methocarbamol (PO) Robaxin n/a Muscle spasm Key Side Effects: drowsiness n/a n/a
Transdermal: topical analgesic IV: antiarrhythmic lidocaine (transdermal, IV) Transdermal: Lidoderm, IV: Xylocaine Transdermal: OTC Transdermal: pain, IV: ventricular arrhythmias Key Side Effects (transdermal): dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema. Key Side Effects (IV): bradycardia n/a Other Notes: patch may remain in place for up to 12 hours in any 24-hour period, patch may be cut
Antigout agent colchicine (PO) Colcrys n/a Gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy (including rhabdomyolysis) n/a n/a
Xanthine oxidase Inhibitor allopurinol (PO) Zyloprim n/a Gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia n/a Other Notes: rare association with severe (and potentially fatal) allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (risk highest in certain Asian populations)
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent succinylcholine (IV) Anectine n/a Neuromuscular blockade for intubation or procedures Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare) US Boxed Warning: acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease n/a
Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor etanercept (SQ) Enbrel n/a RA Key Side Effects: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea US Boxed Warning: serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma n/a
Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor adalimumab (SQ) Humira n/a RA, Crohn’s Disease, Ulcerative Colitis Key Side Effects: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea US Boxed Warning: serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma n/a
Created by: ziad5
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