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A&P Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| deoxyribonucleic acid | nucleotide that stores the genetic information of the organism |
| saggital plane | is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts |
| ribosomes | organelles concerned with protein synthesis. they are bound to the endoplasmic reticulum and are free in the cytoplasm |
| frontal plane | Divides the body into front and back portions. |
| organ | group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions |
| nucleus | Control center of the cell |
| abdomino-pelvic cavity | contains abdominal and pelvic cavities; lies inferior to the diaphragm |
| diffusion | passive transport that causes movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Homeostasis | A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level |
| ribonucleic acid | nucleotide that copies or transcribes the genetic code from DNA, involved in transportation |
| spinal cavity | elongated cavity that contains the spinal cord |
| ventral cavity | located along the front of the body, divided by the diaphragm into the upper thoracic cavity and the lower abdominal cavity |
| anatomical position | To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward |
| suspension | A mixture in which particles gradually settle to the bottom unless continuously shaken |
| transverse plane | a plane that divides the body into top and bottom halves |
| osmosis | movement of water across a membrane where there is more water to where there is less water |
| viscera | The internal organs of the body |
| endoplasmic reticulum | intracellular membrane system involved in the synthesis and transportation of protein and steroids |
| Endocytosis | uptake of material through the cell membrane by forming a vesicle; includes pinocytosis and phagocytosis |
| mediastinum | Space between the lungs that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus |
| solution | mixture in which the particles that are mixed together become evenly distributed |
| pleural cavities | thoracic cavity that contain the lungs |
| physiology | the study of how the body and its parts work or function |
| dorsal cavity | body cavity located toward the back of the body; divided into the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity |
| facilitated diffusion | passive process where a substance moves with assisance from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| cranial cavity | part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain |
| active transport | transport process that requires an input of energy (ATP) to move a substance from an area of low concentration to high concentration |
| Golgi apparatus | membrane organelle concerned with final trimming and packaging of protein exocytosis |
| percirdial cavity | the thoracic cavity that contains the heart and great vessels |
| thoracic cavity | upper part of the ventral cavity superior to the diaphragm; filled largely by the heart and lungs |
| Exocytosis | elimination of the material from a cell through the formation of vesicles |
| passive transport | a transport process that requires no additional energy from ATP |
| filtration | process where water and dissolved substances move through a membrane in response to pressure |
| organelles | structure within the cytoplasm that performs specific function |
| cell | The basic unit of life; structure and function in living things |
| anatomy | The study of body structure |
| cell membrane | membrane that surrounds a cell; regulates what enters and leaves the cell |
| cytoplasm | gel-like substance surrounded by the cell membrane but outside the nucleus |
| lysosomes | An organelle containing powerful enzymes |
| mitchondria | Power House of the cell where ATP is produced. |
| Superior | above or closer to head |
| Inferior | below or closer to feet |
| Anterior | toward the front of the body also called ventral |
| Posterior | toward the back also called dorsal |
| Medial | near the midline |
| Lateral | moving away the midline of the body |
| Peripheral | away from the core, or inner part |
| Central | toward the inner core, at the center |
| Cranial | near the head |
| Caudal | near the lower end of the spine |
| Proximal | nearest the origin of structure (often the trunk) |
| Distal | furthest from the origin of structure |
| Superficial | part is located near the surface of the body |
| Deep | part is located near the surface of the body |
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