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Physio
Physio week 7-13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What structures make up the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and what is its main function? | The PNS includes all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord; it transmits sensory information to the CNS and carries motor commands to the body. |
| What structures make up the central nervous system (CNS) and what is its main function? | The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord; it processes and integrates information, coordinating responses. |
| What is the main function of the endocrine system? | To regulate body processes through hormones, controlling growth, metabolism, reproduction, and homeostasis. |
| How do endocrine glands differ from exocrine glands? | Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands release substances through ducts to a surface or cavity. |
| What are the main functions of the respiratory system? | Back: Facilitate gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out) Regulate blood pH Filter, warm, and humidify inhaled air |
| What is the cardiac cycle and its main phases? | Systole: Ventricular contraction, blood is ejected into arteries. Diastole: Ventricular relaxation, chambers fill with blood. The cycle ensures continuous blood flow through the heart and body. |
| What are the primary functions of the lymphatic system? | Returns excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream Absorbs fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system Provides immune defense by filtering lymph through lymph nodes |
| What are the main components of the lymphatic system? | Lymph fluid Lymphatic vessels Lymph nodes Tonsils, spleen, and thymus (lymphoid organs) |
| What are the two main types of immunity? | Innate (nonspecific) immunity: Immediate, general defense mechanisms (e.g., skin, inflammation, phagocytes). Adaptive (specific) immunity: Targeted response involving lymphocytes (B cells and T cells) and memory formation |
| What roles do B cells and T cells play in adaptive immunity? | B cells: Produce antibodies that neutralize pathogens. T cells: Destroy infected cells and help regulate immune responses. |
Created by:
teraeasley
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