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MUSCULOSKELETAL

Pharmacologic CategoryGenericBrandClassificationCommon IndicationsEssential Knowledge
Alpha2 agonist tizanidine (PO) Zanaflex Spasticity Key Side Effects: drowsiness, hypotension, dizziness, xerostomia, weakness
Aminoquinolone hydroxychloroquine (PO) PlaquenilPlaquenil RA, SLE, malaria Key Side Effects: retinal toxicity, rash, diarrhea Other Notes: long-term use has been associated with cardiomyopathy, bone marrow suppression, QT prolongation, and neuromuscular effects (i.e., myopathy, palsies, and progressive weakness)
NSAID diclofenac (topical) Voltaren Gel OTC OA Key Side Effects: pruritus, rash
NSAID diclofenac (PO) Voltaren OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea
NSAID ibuprofen (PO) Motrin, Advil OTC OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea
NSAID meloxicam (PO) Mobic OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea
NSAID indomethacin Indocin OA, RA, acute pain, gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea
NSAID naproxen (PO) Naprosyn, Anaprox, Aleve OTC OA, RA, acute pain, gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea
NSAID ketorolac (PO, IV) Toradol Pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea
NSAID,COX-2 selective celecoxib (PO) Celebrex OA, RA, acute pain Key Side Effects: diarrhea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, flatulence, nausea
Skeletal muscle relaxant cyclobenzaprine (PO) Flexeril, Amrix, Fexmid Muscle spasm Key Side Effects: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, fatigue Other Notes: use may cause prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and tachycardia; CI within 14 days of MAOI therapy
Skeletal muscle relaxant baclofen (PO) Spasticity Key Side Effects: drowsiness
Skeletal muscle relaxant methocarbamol (PO) Robaxin Muscle spasm Key Side Effects: drowsiness
Transdermal: topical analgesic IV: antiarrhythmic lidocaine (transdermal, IV) Transdermal: Lidoderm, IV: Xylocaine Transdermal: OTC Transdermal: pain, IV: ventricular arrhythmias Key Side Effects (transdermal): dermatitis, erythema, urticaria, skin depigmentation, skin edema Key Side Effects (IV): bradycardia Other Notes: patch may remain in place for up to 12 hours in any 24-hour period, patch may be cut
Antigout agent colchicine (PO) Colcrys Gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, myopathy (including rhabdomyolysis)
Xanthine oxidase Inhibitor allopurinol (PO) Zyloprim Gout Key Side Effects: diarrhea, nausea, rash, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia Other Notes: rare association with severe (and potentially fatal) allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome (risk highest in certain Asian populations)
Depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent succinylcholine (IV) Anectine Neuromuscular blockade for intubation or procedures Key Side Effects: hyperkalemia, myalgia, malignant hyperthermia (rare) US Boxed Warning: acute rhabdomyolysis and hyperkalemia leading to cardiac arrest and death in pediatric patients with undiagnosed skeletal muscle disease
Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor etanercept (SQ) Enbrel RA Key Side Effects: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea US Boxed Warning: serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma
Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitor adalimumab (SQ) Humira RA, Crohn’s Disease, Ulcerative Colitis Key Side Effects: infection, injection site reaction, headache, nausea US Boxed Warning: serious infections, malignancies such as lymphoma
Created by: arizvi
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