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CARDIOVASCULAR 2

Pharmacologic CategoryGenericBrandClassificationCommon IndicationsEssential Knowledge
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) spironolactone (PO) Aldactone HTN, HF, ascites Key Side Effects: gynecomastia, hyperkalemia, hypotension
Loop diuretic furosemide (PO, IV) Lasix Volume overload Key Side Effects: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypotension US Boxed Warnings: fluid and electrolyte loss
Loop diuretic torsemide (PO) Soaanz Volume overload Key Side Effects: hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypotension
Beta1-selective beta-blocker atenolol Tenormin AF (rate control), CAD, HTN Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
Beta1-selective beta-blocker metoprolol tartrate (PO, IV) Lopressor AF (rate control), CAD, HTN Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension US Boxed Warnings: avoid abrupt discontinuation Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
Beta1-selective beta-blocker metoprolol succinate (PO) Toprol-XL HF, AF (rate control), CAD, HTN Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
Beta1-selective beta-blocker nebivolol (PO) Bystolic HTN Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
Beta1-selective beta-blocker esmolol (IV) Brevibloc HTN, AF (rate control), hypertensive emergency Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia; CI with pulmonary hypertension
Non-selective beta-blocker and alpha1 blocker carvedilol (PO) Coreg, Coreg CR HF, AF (rate control), CAD, HTN Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
Non-selective beta-blocker and alpha1 blocker labetalol (PO, IV) Trandate PO: HTN, IV: hypertensive crisis Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
Non-selective betablocker propranolol (PO) Inderal LA, Inderal XL HTN, CAD, migraine prophylaxis Key Side Effects: bradycardia, hypotension Other Notes: masks symptoms of hypoglycemia
Alpha2 agonist clonidine (PO, transdermal) PO: Catapres, Transdermal: Catapres-TTS HTN, ADHD Key Side Effects: xerostomia, drowsiness, contact dermatitis (transdermal), hypotension US Boxed Warnings: avoid epidural use Other Notes: do not discontinue abruptly; taper to reduce rebound HTN
Direct arterial vasodilator hydralazine (PO, IV) HTN Key Side Effects: hypotension, drug-induced lupus-like syndrome Other Notes: CI in CAD
Beta1, beta2, and alpha1 agonist epinephrine (IV, IM, SQ) Adrenalin, EpiPen Advanced cardiac life support, shock, anaphylaxis, bradycardia Key Side Effects: tachyarrhythmias, peripheral ischemia, hyperglycemia
Alpha1 agonist (predominantly), beta1 and beta2 agonist norepinephrine (IV) Levophed Shock Key Side Effects: tachyarrhythmias, peripheral ischemia US Boxed Warning: extravasation (central line administration preferred)
Created by: arizvi
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