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Peds Development
| Best practices for pediatric imaging | Safety, communication, respect for patient/parent rights and dignity, provision of adequate care and service to patient and family |
| 3 pediatric safety tips | never leave them unattended, keep items that could be swallowed out of reach, development and use of standardized pediatric protocols |
| Challenges in communication with peds imaging | Language barriers, cultural and social barriers, physical, sensory, and cognitive impairments, age-specific communication, emotional status |
| Some ways the radiographer should communicate with the patient and/or parent? | Introduce self w/ eye contact,peak using appropriate language for developmental level, explain the exam and use teach-back method, take patient history and discuss pertinent information, avoid medical jargon and inappropriate conversations, ask about qu |
| radiographer’s primary responsibility is to: | Actively listen, communicate, understand the parents and the child |
| List the digital imaging considerations for radiation protection when imaging pediatric patients: | Collimation, centering, exposure factors, post-pcrocessing, grid use, SID |
| common artifacts that may affect pediatric imaging? | Linens, clothing, diapers, jewelry, utilize center of IR |
| List items the radiographer can use for immobilization or positioning aids | Linen, sponges, tape, sandbags, lead aprons, plexiglass |
| What are some ways patient motion can be reduced? | Communication, efficiency, short exposure time, distractions |
| When trying to reduce patient motion, what option should the radiographer consider first? | Using a short exposure time |
| some distraction techniques the radiographer can use? | Favorite characters, tell/make up stories, electronic devices – music, movies, singing/counting, praise/rewards |
| Restraints | are used to restrict patient movement to ensure safety and prevent patients from hurting themselves or disengaging therapeutic devices. |
| Immobilization | methods prevent undesired motion during imaging procedures. |
| Application of restraints requires a ________ order | physician's |
| Premature infants | pre-term (baby born before 37 weeks of gestation), nursing team will be accompanied to help with x-ray exam |
| Neonate | 0-28 days, radiographer should speak soothingly and avoid sudden quick movements when working with neonates |
| Infant | 28 days-18 months |
| Toddler | 18 months-3 years |
| Preschooler | 3-5 years old |
| School age | 6-12 years old |
| Adolescents | 12-18 years old |
| T/F: The radiographer should immediately remove the pre-term infant from the incubator and assess for any artifacts before setting up for the procedure. | FALSE |
| Potential obstacles in working with toddler patients include: | Unable to keep still, short attention span, overwhelmed quickly, often fearful |
| Efficiency | is crucial when working with toddler patients because they have short attention spans and cannot keep still. |
| New places, faces, and experiences are overwhelming for _________ patients | preschooler |
| Tips for working with preschooler age groups: | Establish rapport, familiarize child with environment, communicate using directive statements and let them know exactly what to expect, assurance, positive affirmation |
| School age | ____________ patients begin to become logical thinkers. |
| When working with school-age patients, the radiographer should avoid _____________ may cause confusion | medical jargon |
| The radiographer should respect the need for privacy when working with _______________ patients | adolescent |
| T/F: The radiographer should communicate directly with the patient and parents, but also ask the patient if they would like to have a parent present during imaging. | TRUE |
| T/F: Adolescent patients still need validation and reassurance, the radiographer should provide explanation and rationale for the procedure. | TRUE |
| When working with patients with special needs, the radiographer should follow these guidelines: | Introduce self at patient level, briefly explain procedure to patient and parent, communicate with parent to gain cooperation, assist with transfer |
| Most recognized signs of autism spectrum disorder: | Difficulty with social interaction, problems with verbal and nonverbal communication, repetitive behaviors or narrow, obsessive interests |
| Loud noises, overstimulation, sensitivity to touch are obstacles the radiographer may encounter when working with _________ patients. | ASD |
| Compact bone | strong, dense outer layer of bone |
| Spongy | inner, less dense layer contains trabeculae |
| Trabeculae | is filled with red and yellow marrow. |
| Red marrow | produces red and white blood cells |
| Yellow marrow | stores fat cells |
| Medullary cavity | central cavity of long bones, contains trabeculae and yellow marrow, red marrow found in the ends of long bones |
| Periosteum | tough, fibrous connective tissue that covers bone, except at articular ends |
| Endosteum | lines marrow cavity |
| Ossification | term that applies to development and formation of bones |
| Ossification begins: | in the second month of embryonic life |
| Endochondral ossification occurs from two distinct centers of development: | Primary and secondary |
| Primary | ______________ ossification begins before birth and forms long central shaft in long bones, also known as the diaphysis. |
| Secondary | ____________ ossification occurs after birth when separate bones begin to develop at both ends of long bones, also known as the epiphysis. |
| Femoral heads begin to ossify between _________ of age. | 6-12 months |
| _________ begins to ossify at 3-5 years of age and is not fully developed until 10-12 years of age. | the patella |
| Salter-Harris fractures are types of fractures that involve the | growth plate |
| A bone age exam typically images the left hand and wrist to determine _________ . | skeletal maturation |
| first carpal bones to develop | capitate and hamate |
| first tarsal bones to develop | calcaneus and talus |
Created by:
npat00
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