Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Urinary System
| structures of the urinary system | kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra |
| kidney location: | halfway b/w xiphoid process and iliac crest |
| kidneys lie at an oblique angle ____ posteriorly from the coronal plane | 30 degrees |
| Right kidney is slightly _______ than the left | lower |
| Nephroptosis | abnormal condition where kidney descends more than two vertebral bodies (>5cm) from supine to upright position |
| Kidney naturally drop in an _______ position | upright |
| Renal capsule | outer covering |
| Renal cortex | outer layer of renal tissue |
| Renal medulla | inner layer of renal tissue |
| Renal pyramids | cone-shaped segments of collecting tubules |
| Renal columns | extensions of cortex between renal pyramids |
| Nephron | essential microscopic component of kidney; structural and functional unit |
| Renal calyces | cup-shaped stems that enclose one or more papilla |
| ________ calyces unite to form major calyces | Minor |
| Major calyces unite to form | renal pelvis |
| Renal pelvis lies within the | hilum |
| Renal pelvis is continuous with the | ureter |
| Per minute | Approximately 1 Liter of blood is filtered __________ |
| Approximately 1.5 Liters of urine is produced in a________ period | 24 hours |
| primary function of the glomerulus? | Filter for blood, allowing fine particles and water to pass into the capsule |
| Points of constriction in the ureters | a. Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) b. Pelvic brim c. Ureterovesical junction (UVJ |
| urinary bladder is located posterior and superior to the ___________. | public symphysis |
| 500 mL | adult bladder can hold _____ of fluid when completely full |
| urge for urination | 250 mL |
| the radiographer to be knowledgeable of all medications administered in the department to include: | name, dosage, indications contraindications, adverse reactions |
| Radiographer assess and document before contrast is administered: | history of allergies, current medications, surgical procedures, past and current disease processes, lab values for BUN and creatinine (eGFR) |
| 48 hours afterward | Metformin products must be withheld on the day contrast is administered and at least |
| indicators of normal kidney function | BUN, creatinine, and GFR values |
| Normal adult creatinine level: | 0.6-1.5mg/dL |
| Normal adult BUN levels: | 8-25mg/100mL |
| Normal adult eGFR value: | 60mL/min or greater |
| Contraindications for contrast administration: | a. Hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media b. Anuria c. Multiple myeloma d. Diabetes, diabetes mellitus e. Severe hepatic or renal disease f. Congestive heart failure g. Sickle cell anemia h. Renal failure, acute or chronic |
| Bolus injection | contrast administered by force of syringe over short amount of time |
| Dip/gravity infusion | contrast administered via gravity drip over longer period of time |
| Does not dissociate and remains near isotonic | Nonionic contrast |
| Ionic contrast contains _______ | cation |
| Increases blood osmolality and risk of adverse reactions | Ionic contrast |
| Infiltration/Extravasation | fluid has entered the tissues instead of the vein |
| Local reactions | reactions that affect only a specific region of the body |
| Extravasation (local reactions) | leakage of contrast into surrounding soft tissue |
| Phlebitis (local reactions) | inflammation of a vein |
| Systemic reactions | reactions that affect the entire body or a specific organ system |
| Metallic taste, warm flush sensation during injection | Common side effects (systemic reactions) |
| Mild (systemic reactions) | anxiety, light-headed, nausea, vomiting, mild erythema, itching, mild hives |
| Moderate (systemic reactions) | moderate to severe hives, possible laryngeal swelling, bronchospasm, tachycardia (>100bpm), bradycardia(<60bpm), angioedema, hypotension |
| Severe (systemic reactions) | hypotension (systolic pressure <80mmHg), Bradycardia (<50bpm), cardiac arrhythmias, laryngeal swelling, possible convulsions, loss of consciousness, cardiac arrest, respiratory arrest, no detectable pulse |
Created by:
npat00
Popular Radiology sets