Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Rad Protection Ch.15
Management of Imaging Personnel Radiation Dose during Diagnostic X-Ray Procedure
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Annual Occupational Effective Dose | 50 mSv or 5 rem. |
| Cumulative Effective Dose | - 10 x the person's age mSv. - Person's age x1 rem. |
| ALARA | As low as reasonably achievable. |
| Dose Reduction Techniques: | - Avoid repeats. - Scattered radiation. - Filtration. - Protective apparel. - Technique. - Image receptor systems. - Repeats in Digital Imaging. - Processing. |
| ____________ is the greatest occupational hazard. | Scatter. |
| To avoid radiation received from the scattering off the patient, stand at a ________________ from the beam. | 90 degree angle. |
| ________ takes out low energy x-ray photons which do not enhance the image quality only produce exposure to patient and worker. | Filtration. |
| ___ apparel should be stored so that it does not get crakes and should be checked periodically. | Lead. |
| Maternity aprons consist of ___________ with an extra 1mm lead protective panel across the width of the apron. Wrap around works | 0.5mm lead. |
| 3 basic principles of rad protection | Time , Distance & Shielding. |
| Limit to______________ for the entire pregnancy. | 5.0mSv or 0.50 rem. |
| Time | Minimize time exposed to radiation. |
| Distance | - Utilize the inverse square law. - Maximize distance from radiation source. |
| For radiation protection purposes what is the relationship between distance and radiation dose? | As distance increases, the radiation does decreases by a factor of the square of the distance. |
| Primary Barriers: | - Prevent primary radiation from reaching personnel or public. - 1/16 inch lead and 7feet high. - when tube is 5 to 7 feet from the wall in question. |
| Control Booth | - 7 feet high and permanently attached to the floor. - X-rays should scatter at least twice before reaching behind this barrier. |
| Lead Window | - 1.5mm lead equivalent. - Not to exceed a maximum allowance of 1mSv per week. |
| Secondary Barrier | - Protects against leakage and secondary radiation. - Are walls that is never struck by the primary x-ray beam. - It should overlap primary ½ inch with 1/32 inch of lead minimum. |
| Control-Booth Barriers: | - Protects radiographer. - Must be 7 feet high and permanently attached to the floor. - X-rays must scatter twice before reaching barrier. |
| Lead Impregnated Glass | - Contains 30% lead. - Shatter resistant. - 2mm lead equivalent. |
| How many times should the x-ray beam scatter before reaching the control panel? | 2 x. |
| Lead Aprons and Gloves | - 0.25 mm lead equivalent minimum. - 0.5 mm lead equivalent most often used. |
| Neck and Thyroid Shields | 0.5 mm lead equivalent. |
| Protective Eyeglasses | - 0.35 mm lead equivalent minimum. - 0.5 mm lead equivalent most often used. |
| Bucky Slot Cover | 0.25 mm equivalent. |
| Protective Curtain | 0.25 mm equivalent. |
| Lenses | 0.35 mm wraparound frame 0.5mm lead equivalency. |
| Neck & Thyroid Shield | 0.5mm lead. |
| Lead Apron | At least 0.25mm lead/ best if 0.5 or 1mm lead equivalent. |
| Scheduling | Technologists should not be scheduled for extended periods of time in one high fluoro area for best personnel protection. |
| Lead Gloves | 0.25 mm lead. |
| Distance during mobile exams | Exposure cord should be at least 6ft. In length. |
| Where should the radiographer stand when exposing a patient for a mobile radiograph? | 90 degrees and at least 6ft from the primary beam. |
| It is best to reverse the C-arm for protection: | - Place the intensifier over the table and the tube under the table. - Less scatter to workers. - Not always possible. |
| Protection During C-Arm Fluoroscopy | - Exposure to the radiographer is caused from scatter from patient. - Dose rate higher on tube side. - Scatter exposure lower on image intensifier side. |
| Protection During C-Arm Fluoroscopy: | - Always, always, always wear protective apparel. - If image hold is available use it instead of making a hard copy film. |
| High Level Control Interventional Procedures | -Have a higher dose so should be used. - Mainly used in Cath Lab. - Extremity monitors should be worn on the hands of those individuals who perform these procedures. |
| Patient Restraint | - Radiographers should never stand in the primary beam. - Use other non-occupationally exposed individuals if possible. - Use restraining devices if possible. Protective garments - Never use pregnant individuals. |
| If a student radiographer has a patient that needs to be physically restrained, who should hold? | Anyone but student. |
| Doors to radiographic rooms | - Never make an exposure with the door open to a radiographic room. - Doors must have a 1/32 inch of lead equivalancy. |
| Primary Radiation | - Comes directly from x-ray tube. - Also called Direct radiation. |
| Scattered Radiation | Comes from radiation passing through matter and moving in an unwanted direction. |
| Leakage Radiation | - From x-ray tube. - Does not exit the collimator opening. - Exits the tube housing. |
| Controlled Area | An area adjacent to a wall of an x-ray room in which is occupied by exposed personnel. |
| Uncontrolled Area | An area adjacent to a wall of an x-ray room in which is occupied by the general public. |
| Uncontrolled area must be kept at a maximum weekly equivalent dose of _____ microsieverts. | 20. |
| Controlled area is ________ microsieverts | 1000. |
| Workload (W) | - Weekly radiation use of a diagnostic unit. - Measured in mA per min or mA per week. |
| Use factor (U) | Portion of the beam on time during the week. |
| Occupancy factor (T) | Modifies shielding requirement for a barrier by considering the workweek. |
| Because rooms are not utilized 24/7 a ___________ calculation must be done. | Workload. |
| New Information | - The items used to calculate primary barriers, secondary barriers and leakage radiation requirements in this text are over 20 years old - NCRP is rewriting standards which are more stringent than this text covers. |
| ________________ must be posted in any room or area where radioactive materials or radiation sources are used or stored. | Caution signs. |
Created by:
sassyrad
Popular Radiology sets