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PHO 3
| Generic Name | Brand Name | Pharmacologic Category | Common Indications | Essential Knowledge |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| methotrexate (PO, IV, IT) | Trexall | Antimetabolite (folic acid antagonist) | Rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s Disease, psoriasis, various hematologic and solid tumors | SE: Mouth sores, diarrhea, N/V, low platelets/WBCs, ↑ liver enzymes, rare lung fibrosis BBW: For severe disease only; fetal harm; fatal marrow, GI, liver, lung toxicity—↑ with NSAIDs Other Notes: Folic acid may reduce blood, GI, and liver side effects |
| cisplatin (IV, IT, IP) | Kemoplat | Antineoplastic agent, platinum-based compound | Advanced bladder, ovarian, and testicular cancer; various cancers | Key Side Effects: bone marrow suppression, nausea, vomiting, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, ototoxicity US Boxed Warnings: may cause severe myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, renal toxicity, and dose-related neuropathy |
| doxorubicin (IV) | Adriamycin | Antineoplastic agent, anthracycline | Adjuvant therapy for breast cancer, various cancers | Side Effects: Heart damage, hair loss, N/V, bone marrow suppression US Boxed Warnings: Risk of heart failure, bone marrow suppression, secondary CA; leakage outside veins may cause severe tissue damage Other: May turn urine, tears, sweat, & saliva red |
| pembrolizumab (IV) | Keytruda | Antineoplastic agent, monoclonal antibody | Various cancers | Key Side Effects: peripheral edema, pruritus, skin rash, endocrine and metabolic abnormalities, constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hematuria, anemia, increased liver enzymes, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, increased serum creatinine, dyspnea |
| anastrozole (PO) | Arimidex | Aromatase inhibitor | Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer | Key Side Effects: fatigue, rash, flushing, hot flashes, arthralgia, nausea, vomiting, hypertension, peripheral edema, osteoporosis Other Notes: cardiovascular side effects (i.e., hypercholesterolemia, CAD); fetal toxicity (CI in pregnancy) |
| tamoxifen (PO) | Soltamox | Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) | Hormone receptor-positive breast cancer | SE: Hot flashes, vaginal bleeding/discharge, ↓ bone density (premenopausal) BBW: ↑ risk of uterine cancer, DVT/PE Other Notes: Use contraception (teratogenic); avoid with warfarin or DVT |
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