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Tissue Types
Basic 4 types of tissue, with example, functions, locations of subtypes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| tissue | group of cells with similar structure and functions |
| organ | different tissue types working together |
| epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous | types of tissues |
| functions of epithelial tissues | protect, secrete, and absorb |
| apical surface | "top" of an epithelial cell |
| lateral surface | "sides" of an epithelial cell |
| basal surface | "bottom" of an epithelial cell |
| avascular | no/little blood supply |
| simple | only one layer of epithelial tissue |
| stratified | more than one layer of epithelial tissue |
| squamous | flat shape epithelial cell |
| cuboidal | square shaped epithelial cell |
| columnar | epithelial cell shaped like tall rectangle |
| simple squamous | single layer of flattened cells, allows diffusion, found in alveoli and lining of blood vessels |
| stratified squamous epithelium | multiple layers of flattened cells, important for protection, found in skin outside of body, mouth, vagina: can be keritinized or nonkeritinized |
| simple cuboidal epithelium | single layer of square shaped cells, important for secretion and absorption, found in tubules, ducts, and small glands |
| simple columnar epithelium | single layer of tall rectangular shaped cells, can be ciliated and have goblet cells, important for absorption and secretion in the digestive tract and some glands, can also be found in respiratory tract and uterus |
| pseudostratified columnar epithelium | single layer of cells that are different heights so they look like many layers, may contain goblet cells and cilia, importent for secretion and moving mucus out of respiratory tract |
| collagen fibers | strongest and most abundant connective tissue FIBER. it provides lots of tensile strength |
| elastic fiber | fiber that allows for stretch in connective tissue |
| areolar connective tissue | has all three fiber types, plus fibroblasts, white blood cells, macrophages, and helps to wrap and cushion organs, helps with inflammation, and is found under much of the epithelium of the body |
| adipose tissue | sparse matrix, tissue is dominated by large fat droplets that push the cells' nuclei/organelles to the side. Important tissue for protection, insulation, and fuel reserve, widely distributed under the skin |
| dense regular connective tissue | made of mostly collagen fibers and fibroblasts, it is found in the tendons and ligaments, and provides high tensile strength |
| chondrocytes | cells of cartilage |
| hyaline cartilage | cartilage that supports, reinforces, and resists compressive stress, but you cannot see the collagen fibers that are present in the matrix, found in embryonic skeleton, rib cartilage, nose, and trachea |
| elastic cartilage | cartilage that maintains shape and allows stretch, chrondrocytes are numerous, and elastic fibers are easily seen. Found in the ear and epiglottis |
| fibrocartilage | collagen fibers make up most of this connective tissue that can be found in inter-vertebral disks and meniscus of the knee, great compressive shock absorber |
| osteocytes | cells of the bone |
| bone tissue | a hard tissue that helps support and protect the body, the cells are organized into functional units called osteons |
| fibrinogen | soluble fibers that are found in blood (converted to fibrin during blood clotting) |
| blood | made of cells whose main function is the transport of material throughout the body, as well as helping to fight infection, contained within vessels |
| skeletal muscle | striated, voluntary, many nuclei, fibers run parallel, help move bone |
| cardiac muscle | striated, involuntary, branched organization, only found in heart, intercalated disks |
| smooth muscle | non-striated, involuntary, spindle shaped, found in the lining of hollow organs |
| neuron | large cells of the nervous system that conduct electrical impulses and branch to connect with many others |
| neuroglial cells | support cells of the nervous system: they create myelin and degrade old nervous tissue |
| transitional epithelium | function: stretches readily and permits distension of urinary organ by contained urine |
| reticular connective tissue | found in lymph nodes |
| dense irregular connective tissue | Function: able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength Location: dermis of the skin; around most organs |
| dense elastic connective tissue | dense regular connective tissue containing a high proportion of elastic fibers |
| spongy bone | Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone. |
| compact bone | Layer of very dense bone tissue with no open spaces except for cells |
Created by:
eizmendiscience
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