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CNS 3
| Generic Name | Brand Name | Pharmacologic Category | Common Indications | Essential Knowledge |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lithium (PO) | Lithobid | Antimanic agent | Bipolar disorder | Side Effects: tremor, acne, hypothyroidism, weight gain, ↑ urination/thirst, GI upset Boxed Warning: requires close level monitoring Notes: narrow TI; monitor levels; avoid in pregnancy |
| sumatriptan (PO, intranasal, SQ) | Imitrex | Antimigraine | Migraine | Key Side Effects: fatigue, somnolence, dizziness, chest tightness, paresthesias Other Notes: CI in ischemic heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, peripheral vascular disease, and uncontrolled hypertension |
| rizatriptan (PO) | Maxalt | Antimigraine | Migraine | Key Side Effects: fatigue, somnolence, dizziness, chest tightness, paresthesias Other Notes: CI in ischemic heart disease, history of stroke or TIA, peripheral vascular disease, and uncontrolled hypertension |
| haloperidol (PO, IV, IM) | Haldol | First-generation antipsychotic | Schizophrenia | Key Side Effects: sedation, EPS, parkinsonism, xerostomia, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, QTc prolongation US Boxed Warnings: elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death |
| clozapine (PO) | Clozaril | Second-generation antipsychotic | Treatment-resistant schizophrenia | Side Effects: sedation, constipation, low BP, drooling, high blood sugar, weight gain, ↓ WBCs Boxed Warnings: risk of neutropenia, seizures, heart issues, and death in elderly with dementia |
| aripiprazole (PO, IM) | PO/IM: Abilify; IM: Aristada | Second-generation antipsychotic | Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, MDD (adjunct to antidepressants) | Side Effects: akathisia, restlessness, sedation, EPS, constipation, low BP, weight gain Boxed Warnings: ↑ suicide risk in youth; ↑ death risk in elderly with dementia |
| quetiapine (PO) | Seroquel, Seroquel XR | Second-generation antipsychotic | Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, MDD (adjunct to antidepressants) | Side Effects: sedation, EPS, constipation, low BP, weight gain Boxed Warnings: ↑ suicide risk in youth; ↑ death risk in elderly with dementia |
| lurasidone (PO) | Latuda | Second-generation antipsychotic | Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, MDD (adjunct to antidepressants) | Side Effects: sedation, EPS, constipation, low BP, weight gain Boxed Warnings: ↑ suicide risk (youth); ↑ death risk (elderly w/ dementia) Notes: CI with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors/inducers |
| olanzapine (PO, IM) | Zyprexa | Second-generation antipsychotic | Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, MDD (adjunct to antidepressants) | Key Side Effects: sedation, EPS, xerostomia, constipation, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, hyperglycemia US Boxed Warnings: elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death |
| risperidone (PO, IM) | PO: Risperdal IM: Risperdal Consta | Second-generation antipsychotic | Schizophrenia | Key Side Effects: sedation, EPS, xerostomia, constipation, orthostatic hypotension, weight gain, hyperglycemia US Boxed Warnings: elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis treated with antipsychotic drugs at increased risk of death |
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