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mod 7 , datasys+ sql
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is parameter pollution and how does it work? | Is a web attack that sends multiple values for the same input variables. It exploits defects in web platforms that don't handle duplicate parameters properly, Attackers use it to bypass input validation by creating inconsistencies between how different a |
| How does parameter pollution differ from SQL injection? | manipulates application logic by sendingg sending duplicate parameters with different values, exploiting inconsistent parameter handling. SQL injection sends commands through a web server to backend systems, |
| What are the two main types of parameter pollution attacks? | 1. Query String Pollution (QSP): Affects parameters in the URL 2. HTTP Post Pollution (HPP): Affects parameters in the request body |
| What is a web application firewall and where is it positioned? | A WAF sits in front of the web server, scrutinizing incoming traffic for malicious input before allowing it to reach the application. It filters requests based on predefined rules parameter pollution. |
| What are the three common deployment models for Web application firewalls | Network-Based: Placed at network perimeter to protect all applications Host-Based: Applied directly to the web server for application-specific protection Cloud-Based: Distributed protection that scales automatically with traffic volume |
| What is SQL injection and why is it dangerous? | SQL injection occurs when an attacker sends commands through a web server to a backend system, bypassing normal security controls. This can lead or complete system compromise. |
| What is blind SQL injection and what are its variants? | Two main variants: Blind content-based: Attacker observes changes in returned content to infer success Blind timing-based: Attacker measures response times to determine if injection succeeded |
| List at least five physical security measures for protecting database infrastructure. | 1.Industrial camouflage 2. Fences and lighting 3. Badge access systems 4. Biometric authentication 5. Access control vestibules 6. Fire suppression systems 7. Cooling and humidity control 8. Surveillance cameras and guards |
| How should networks be divided for optimal database security? | 1. External zone (untrusted) 2. Demilitarized zone (DMZ) for public-facing services 3. Internal network (trusted) for sensitive systems and databases |
| What are the two modes of port security for network switches? | 1. Static mode: Limits access to pre-defined MAC addresses 2. Dynamic or "sticky" mode: Learns and remembers authorized devices automatically |