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Med Reconciliation
JT lecture
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many ways are needed to identify a patient and according to whom? | 2 ways - The Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goals |
| What is the second goal of the Joint Commission National Patient Safety? | Improve the effectiveness of communication among caregivers – get important test results to the right staff person on time |
| What should be done to medicines that are not labeled? | Label them wherever supplies are set up |
| What is required in regards of medication across the continuum of care? | Record and pass along correct information about a patient’s meds. Find out what meds. the pt. is taking. Patients should be told that it is important to bring their up-to-date list of medications. |
| What is a synergist effect in medications? | Combination of two medications that increase the likelihood of an idiosyncratic reaction. |
| what is a idiosyncratic reaction? | Unusual response to a drug i.e. over or under reaction |
| What are some complications of DVT drugs? | anticoagulants, clotbusters, thrombolytics- given through the IV – and can cause serious bleeding |
| Written order vs. Phone order | Varies state by state, written must follow verbal within 24 hours and must be taken by medical imager (some states no phone order) |
| What is the typical contents of an order (standing order)? | Written directions, specific med or drug, specific pharmaceutical or contrast media, specific procedure, physician signature, conditions stated by physician, preps for exams, blood work, high legal liability |
| Which organ is mainly involved in drug metabolism? | Liver |
| How do drugs usually mechanize? | binding of the drug to receptor sites in a cell |
| What is the function of an agonist? | Produce specific action, promote a desired result |
| What is the function of an antagonist? | attach to the receptor, prevents agonist from acting |
| What are the warning signs of an allergic reactions? | Hives (uticaria) respiratory distress abrupt changes in blood pressure throat tightening demand immediate attention by physician. |
| What type of drug is Solu-Medrol? | Methylprednisone, anti-inflammatory, prevents edema |
| What is epinephrine used for? | Angioedema, shock, respiratory distress |
| What is the most common antiallergic? | Benadryl, also a sedative and anticholinergic |
| List several local anesthetics | Lidocaine, Xylocaine, Proparacaine |
| List several antimicrobials | betadine, alcohol (includes antibiotics) |
| What is an analgesic? | Pain relivers, suppress CNS (depress respiration) Opiods and Non-Opioids (non-narcotics) |
| What is the effect of Sedatives and tranquilizers? | Induce muscle relaxation and sleep, lack of inhibition and slowed reaction time i.e. Valium |
| What counteracts sedatives and analgesics? | Antagonists, kept available in healthcare and emergency transports .e. Narcan, Maricon, Hypnotics |
| What is contained in the 6 rights of drug administration? | Patient name, Medication name, Dosage, Frequency, Route of administration, documentation of order Measured in g, mg, mcg (liquids in mL (units)) |
| What are the enteral (non-injected) routs of administration? | Oral, Sublingual (under tongue), Rectal, Buccal (cheek swabbed), topical (lotions, ointments) |
| What are the parenteral (injected) routs of drug administration? | Intravenous, intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intraarterial, intrathecal |
| What is something good to remember about needle gauge sizes? | The higher the number, the smaller the needle. i.e. 32 gauge is small, 24 gauge is wide |
| Which muscles are most common for intramuscular injection at a 90 degree angle? | deltoid (upper arm), gluteal, vastus lateralis, (thigh(common for babies)) |
| What is a good thing to remember about skin injections? | The angle of the needle is directly related to the depth of the injection. i.e. 10 degree angle is intra dermal (superficial), 25 degrees is subcuntaneous (several layers in the skin) 90 degrees is intramuscular |
| What is placed in intraarterial access ? | A catheter, very important not to have air in line |
| What is an Intrathecal injection? | Intraspinal (subarachnoid or epidural space) |
| What is normal saline used for? | 0.9% Sodium Chloride (replenish fluids and electrolytes, treats hyponatremia, dehydration and low blood volume for electrolyte balance |
| What is used as an IV route as a source of calories? | 5% dextrose (sugar and water), often used on patient who are unable to eat or drink , or to help dilute medications (does not contain electrolytes) |
| What is a heparin lock? | Intermittent injection port |
| How high should the iV bag be above the patient? | 18-24 inches |
| What is a normal flow rate for an iV bag? | 15-20 drops a minute (60 mL an hour), for patients with limited intake |
| How many times should you read a label when drawing drug? | Three times and confirm with physician before administering |
| Why should you be conscious of barium administration in terms of a patient's imaging schedule? | Barium contracts makes other modalities examinations difficult |
| What water based contrast does Mri use? | Gandolinium |
| What are radiopharmaceuticals tagged to do? | Go to certain parts of the body |
| What are several methods of injection? | Bolus - direct injection (most common, Drip- 15-20 minutes , 10-20 drops per minute |
| What is good to remember about injection characteristics in regards to osmolarity? | The lower the osmolarity, the lower the risk of adverse effects (toxicity) |
| What is viscosity? | a thicker liquid, Determinance of flow rate, injection time and needle size, reduced by warming |
| What are some precautionary effects when it comes to injections? | Precipitate formation (clots-use benadryl), cardiac events, blood clots, |
| Why is it important to be aware of kidney issues with contrast administration? | Patient may be on limitations for intake and monitored for output |
Created by:
kdabney22
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