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Pharmcology chpt 16
Drugs for emotional and mood disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Depression | disorder characterized by a sad or despondent mood. symptoms include lack of energy, sleep distrubances, abnormal eating patterns, and feelings of despair, guilt, or hopelessness |
| Msjor depressive disorder | most common form of mental illness, 5 to 10% of afults suffer from it, it is a depressed affect plus at least five symptoms |
| dysthymic disorder | less severe depressive symptoms |
| postpartum depression | 80% of women experience this during the first several weeks after birth of their baby |
| seasonal affective disorder | during dark winter months, this type of depression is associated with enhanced release of the brain neurohormones melatonin due to lower light leverls |
| psychotic depression | expresion of intense mood shifts and unusal behaviors. |
| electroconvulsive therapy ECT | treatment used for serious life threatening mood disorders in patients who are unresponsive to pharmacotherapy |
| tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) | act by inhibiting the presynaptic reuptake of both norepinephrine and serotonin used predominatly for major depression |
| selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRIs | drugs that slow the reuptake of serotonin into the presynaptic nerve terminals |
| Serotonin syndrome | may occur when a patient is taking another medication that affects the metabolism, synthesis, or reuptake of serotonin causing serotonin to accumulate in the body |
| serotonin- norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) | they inhibit the reabsorption of serotonin and norepinephrine and elevate moods by increasing the levels of these agents in the CNS. |
| monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) | inhibits monoamine oxidase, the enzyme that terminates the actions of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin. |
| tyramine | this is found in some foods and can cause serious adverse reactions with the MAOIs drugs |
| bipolar disorder | also known as manic depression it is characterized by extreme and opposite moods, episodes of depressin that alternate with episodes of mania |
| mania | high psychomotor activity and irritablity |
| mood stablizers | drugs for bipolor disorders |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) | poor attention span, behavior control issues, and or hyperactivity.. behavioral disorder that affects 5% of children |
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