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Rad Protection Ch.5
Radiation Montoring
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Extremity Dosimeter | A device that monitors the equivalent dose of radiation to the hands. |
| Geiger-Muller (GM) survey meter | Detects individual radioactive particles or photons and that serves as the primary portable radiation survey instrument for area monitoring in nuclear medicine facilities. |
| Glow Curve | A graphic plot that demonstrates the relationship of light output to temperature variation for a thermoluminescent (TL) material such as is used in a TL dosimeter (TLD). |
| Ionization Chamber- type survey meter (Cutie Pie) | Instrument is both a rate meter device used are survey and an accurate integration or cumulative exposure or dose measurement instrument for x-radiation and gamma radiation and if equipped with a suitable window for recording beta radiation. |
| Personal Digital Ionization Dosimeter | Is a fairly new device that provides radiation workers with an immediate measurement of radiation exposure whole including features such as long-term exposure tracking. |
| Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter | Contains an aluminum oxide detector. When such laser light is incident on the sensing material, it becomes luminescent in proportion to the amount of radiation exposure that was received. |
| Personal Dosimeter | Indication of the working habits and working conditions of diagnostic imaging personnel. It determines occupational exposure by detecting and measuring the quantity of ionizing radiation to which the dosimeter has been exposed over a period of time. |
| Personal Dosimetry | Monitoring of any person occupationally exposed on a regular basis to ionizing radiation. |
| Personal Monitoring Reports | A written report of occupational radiation exposure of personnel prepared by a monitoring company. |
| Pocket Ionization Chamber (pocket dosimeter) | Is the most sensitive type of personnel dosimeter; resembles a pen. |
| Proportional Counter | A radiation survey instrument generally used in a laboratory setting to detect alpha and beta radiation and small amounts of other types of low level radioactive contamination. |
| Radiation Survey Instruments | Area monitoring devices that detect and/or measure radiation. |
| TLD Analyzer | A device that measures the amount of ionizing radiation to which a TLD badge has been exposed. |
| Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) | a personnel monitoring device that most often contains a crystalline form of lithium fluoride as its sensing material. |
| Required when worker may receive ________ of annual effective dose limit EfD | 10%. |
| Purpose of Dosimeter: | - Provides an indication of working habits. - Determines occupational exposure. - Does not protect wearer just detects exposure. |
| Extremity Dosimeter | Recommended as a second monitor for those individuals whose hands are exposed close to the primary beam. |
| Embryo-Fetus Monitor | - A 2nd monitor, in addition to personal monitor. - Worn on the abdomen during gestation. - Monitors estimate of equivalent dose to embryo-fetus. |
| Record of Radiation Exposure | - A record should be kept in an employee file. - Should indicate average annual effective doses to the whole body. |
| Characteristics of Personnel Dosimeters: | - Lightweight. - Durable. - Reliable. - Record a wide range of exposures. - Not be influenced by heat, humidity, mechanical shock, etc. - Inexpensive. |
| Who should wear Radiation badges? | Anyone who works with or is exposed to ionizing radiation. |
| Personnel Monitoring Reports | - Must meet state regulations - Usually provided by the monitoring company for the provided dosimeters - Data must be transferred when employment is changed - Reports various types of radiation - Deep, eye and shallow. - M indicates minimal exposure. |
| Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter | Becoming the most widely used radiation monitor,Contains aluminum oxide as the detector,The detector is struck by a laser light and it becomes luminescent,The light emitted is representative of the amount of radiation received,includes various filters. |
| What type of dosimeter that students at JSCC wear? | Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimete. |
| Advantages of Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter | - Can be worn up to 1 year. - Accuracy reading as low as 1mrem. |
| Disadvantages of of Optically Stimulated Luminescence Dosimeter | Shipping slows down reading. |
| __________ contains an aluminum oxide dector which when exposed to a laser light will create a glow. The glow is measured and is indicative of radiation exposure. Gives readings to very low levels of radiation. | OSL. |
| Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) | Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) - Lithium fluoride used as sensing material. - Ionization causes crystal to change. - This change is read by a special heating process which causes trapped electrons in the crystal to be freed. |
| Advantages of TLD's: | - Very accurate. - Measures very low exposures. - Can be worn up to 3 months periods. - Crystal can be reused. |
| Disadvantages of TLD's: | - Can be read only once. - Expensive. |
| New innovations in TLD: | The process in which the crystals are heated changed from a contact heating method to a gas heating method. |
| When ____________ are exposed to radiation, the air surrounding the electrode becomes ionized and discharges the mechanism in a direct proportion to the amount of radiation to which it has been exposed. | Electrodes. |
| Pocket Ionization Chambers Advantages: | - Immediate reading. - Compact & easy to carry. - Accurate & sensitive. |
| Pocket Ionization Chambers Disadvantages: | - Expensive. - Must be read each day. - Mechanical shock. - No permanent record. |
| Digital Ionization Dosimeter Advantages: | - Lightweight and durable. - Has no waiting time for mailing. - Can be dropped or scratched with little or not harm to the device. |
| Digital Ionization Dosimeter Disadvantages: | - Not effective if not worn. |
| Which type of radiation monitor will give an immediate readout? | Pocket dosimeters and Personnel digital ionization dosimeter. |
| IC | Measures exposure rate (x-ray, gamma & beta). |
| P | Used in the lab setting to measure alpha and beta particles. |
| GM | Primarily used in Nuc Med to detect radioactive materials. |
| Survey Instruments | When in contact with ionizing radiation, they respond to the charged particles that are produced because radiation interacts with and ionizes the gas in the detector. |
| Requirements of Radiation Survey Instruments | - Easy to carry, Durable, Reliable, Interact with radiation, Detect different types of radiation, Direction and intensity of radiation should not affect performance, & Cost-effective. |
Created by:
sassyrad
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