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NUR 326_Brand
Antiviral, Antifungal, Antiparasitic
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| I: Treats HIV Infection | Nelfinavir |
| PK: Well absorbed | Nelfinavir |
| CP: Hypersensitivity, concurrent aminodarone, ergot, derivatives, midazolam, quinidine, rifampin, pimozide, simvastatin, St. John's Wort, triazolam, no breastfeeding, watch hemophiliacs | Nelfinavir |
| IM: give w/a meal, may be mixed w/small amount of water, milk, formula, soy formula, soy milk, dietary supplements dont mix w/acid, food/juice, stable for 6hrs in refrigerator | Nelfinavir |
| AM: Assess pt. for change in severity of HIV symptoms, opportunistic infections, LABS: monitor viral load & CD4 cell count may cause hyperglycemia, may ^ serum ALT, AST, bilirubin, CPK, anemia, leukopenia, hyperlipidemia, hyperurecemia | Nelfinavir |
| Fam Teaching: weight gain, no double dose, OTC, herbal meds, could cause hyperglycemia, use nonhormonal contraceptives | Nelfinavir |
| AM: assess pt. for infection pulse ox, ABGs breath sounds) WBC | Ribavirin |
| Fam Teaching: explain purpose & route to patients and parents, may cause blurred vision and photosensitivity | Ribavirin |
| I: Treatment of severe lower respiratory infection or respiratory synctial virus (bronchiolitis/pneumonia) | Ribavirin |
| A: Inhibits viral DNA & RNA synthesis & subsequent replication | Ribavirin |
| PK: undergoes 1st pass | Ribavirin |
| CP: hypersensitivity | Ribavirin |
| Trade/Brand name is Virazole | Ribavirin |
| AE:cardiac arrest, hemolytic anemia, steven's johnson, deterioration of pulmonary function | Ribavirin |
| IM: Infants ventiltion should be suctioned Q1/2h pulmonary pressures monitored Q2-4H | Ribavirin |
| Trade/Brand name is Zovirax | Acyclovir |
| AM: assess lesions before & daily during therapy, monitor neurologic status in patients with herpes encephalitis, LABS: monitor BUN, CCr, serum creatinine, ^BUN & serum/decreased CCr may be renal failure | Acyclovir |
| F: Always wash hands w/lesion contact, OTC ointments, creams, lotions delay healing and may spread the lesion, use condoms when lesion not present, no sex with lesion present, call after no relief 7days, encourage pap smears, avoid eye contact=blindness | Acyclovir |
| EV: crusting lesion, decreased frequency & severity of recurrence acceleration of complete healing & cessation of pain, decreased chickenpox intensity | Acyclovir |
| I: Treats genital and oral herpes | Acyclovir |
| A: Inhibits viral DNA reproduction | Acyclovir |
| CP: fluid & electrolytes abnormalities, hepatic,pulmonary, neurologic, hypersensitivity to acyclovir, valacyclovir, renal insufficiency | Acyclovir |
| AE: seizures, dizziness, headache, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, renal failure, steven's johnson, thrombocytic thrombocytopenia purpura, HUS, pain, phlebitis, polydipsia | Acyclovir |
| IM: maintain enough hydration, give w/in 24hrs for herpes simplex symptoms to disappear, few glasses of H20, take with food, intermittent infusion reconstitute 500mg w/10mL | Acyclovir |
| Trade/Brand name is Vermox | Mebendazole |
| Fam Teaching: take as directed, practice good hygiene, avoid driving and other concentration activities may cause dizziness, follow-up exams, (Pinworm) wash all bedding, underwear, towels, night clothes, MUST CHEW DRUG | Mebendazole |
| EV:resolved signs and symptoms, stool specimens & peripheral swabs negative | Mebendazole |
| A: Protease Inhibitor | Nelfinavir |
| I: Treats trichuriasis (whipworm), enterobiasis (pinworm), ascariasis (roundworm), uncinariasis (hookworm) | Mebendazole |
| PK: poor absorption | Acyclovir |
| I: manage HIV infection | Enfuvirtide |
| A: blocks HIV-1 into cell w/fusion of virus w/cell membranes | Enfuvirtide |
| PK: absorbed mostly Sub-Q, high plasma protein binding | Enfuvirtide |
| CP: hypersensitivity, no breastfeeding, not safe in kids <6 | Enfuvirtide |
| AE: fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, injection site reactions | Enfuvirtide |
| Trade/Brand name is Fuzeon | Enfuvirtide |
| A: inhibits glucose & nutrient uptake for worm | Mebendazole |
| PK: minimal absorption | Mebendazole |
| CP:Hypersensitivity, impaired liver function, Crohn's ileitis, ulcerative colitis, no pregnancy/breastfeeding, no kid < 2 | Mebendazole |
| AE: seen w/high dose therapy only: seizures | Mebendazole |
| IM: no special diets, eat high fat (pinworm), hook&whip take w/Fe supplement | Mebendazole |
| AM: perianal exams, stool exams, may ^ BUN, ALT, AST, monitor CBC Hgb | Mebendazole |
| IM:sterile vial, administer upper IM, abdomen, thigh | Enfuvirtide |
| AM: severity changes HIV symptoms injection site reactions & signs & symptoms of pneumonia, hypersensitivity, ABGs: viral load, CD4, eosinopenia) | Enfuvirtide |
| F: follow-up exams, 1st administration by patient DOT, contact FUZEON.com if infection at injection site, don't share, notify if pregnant/trying, may cause dizziness | Enfuvirtide |
| EV: decrease replication of HIV virus, slowed progression of HIV infection, decrease occurrence of sequelae, improved CD4 count | Enfuvirtide |
| I: eliminates pediculosis & scabies | Permethrin |
| A: causes re-polarization & paralysis of lice | Permethrin |
| PK: poor absorption, rapid inactivation by enzymes | Permethrin |
| CP:hypersensitivity, no breastfeeding, not for pregnant, no children < 2 | Permethrin |
| AE: burning, itching, rash, redness, stinging, tingling, swelling, numbness | Permethrin |
| Trade/Brand name is Nix | Permethrin |
| IM: topical application | Permethrin |
| EV: No more lice/eggs, prevent infection eradication of scabies | Permethrin |
| Fam Teaching: notify if itching, numbness, redness/ rash, avoid eye contact, others in house should be checked, machine wash clothes, shampoo hair regularly | Permethrin |
| I: Treats Parkinson's and prevents Influenza A | Amantadine |
| A: Inhibits replication of Influenza A virus | Amantadine |
| PK: Well absorbed GI, crosses blood brain barrier and breastmilk | Amantadine |
| CP:Hypersensitivity, caution seizures, liver, psychiatric, CHF, renal failure patients (CCr < 50ml/min), susceptibility to Rubella | Amantadine |
| AE: Ataxia, dizziness, insomnia, hypotension, mottling, livedo, reticularis, most common GI (nausea, anorexia) | Amantadine |
| Trade/Brand name Symmetrel | Amantadine |
| IM: do not administer last dose near bedtime (insomnia), treat early/not @ all, give 24-48 hrs after symptoms | Amantadine |
| I: Treats HIV infection | Efavirenz |
| A: Inhibits reverse transcriptase = NO DNA synthesis | Efavirenz |
| PK: absorbed well high fat meal, high plasma protein binding | Efavirenz |
| AM: Monitor bp periodically, assess for CHF, mental status, diffuse mottling of skin, urinary retention | Amantadine |
| Fam Teaching: take med around the clock, may cause dizziness/blurred vision, avoid driving, make slow position changes to reduce orthostatic hypotension, chew gum, mouth wash, avoid alcohol, taking OTC especially cold remedies, | Amantadine |
| EV: absence flu symptoms or flu | Amantadine |
| CP:hypersensitivity, history of mental illness/substances abuse, hepatic impairment, seizures, last resort if pregnant, no nursing, pediatric increased rashes, geriatric increased incidence of renal/cardiac dysfunction | Efavirenz |
| AE: Nausea | Efavirenz |
| IM:administer on empty stomach @ bedtime, no high fat meals | Efavirenz |
| AM:monitor liver function, may increase AST, ALT, GGT, cholesterol, rash 1st month of therapy, maculopapular, pruitus | Efavirenz |
| Fam Teaching: may cause dizziness, impaired concentration, drowsiness, notify if see rash, avoid OTC meds & herbal products, use other form of contraceptive, may gain weight, follow up | Efavirenz |
| EV: delayed progression of AIDS, decreased infections, decreased viral load, increased CD4, hepatic induction of P450 34A | Efavirenz |
| I:treatment of fatal fungal infections | Amphotericin B |
| A: binds fungal cell membrane, can be fungistatic/cidal | Amphotericin B |
| Trade/Brand name: Fungizone | Amphotericin B |
| PK: Well absorbed elimination prolonged | Amphotericin B |
| CP: hypersensitivity, discontinue nursing, renal failure, electrolyte abnormalities, concurrent leukocyte transfusion, | Amphotericin B |
| AE: chest pain, fever, chills, tachypnea, hypotension, diarrhea, hyperbilirubinemia, liver enzymes, nausea, vomitting, nephrotoxicity | Amphotericin B |
| IM:administer IV under closely supervised hospital patients, 50mg vial w/10mL of sterile water | Amphotericin B |
| AM: monitor 1st 1-2 hour for hypersensitivity, inspect injection site for thrombophlebitis, monitor vital signs every 15 minutes during test & every 30 minutes 2-4hr after given, asses lungs, LABS: CBC, BUN, serum creatinine, K, Mg | Amphotericin B |
| Fam Teaching: explain need for long duration of IV/topical therapy, discomfort @ IV site, instruct of dilution, rate & administration of drug therapy, proper IV equipment care | Amphotericin B |
| EV: resolution of signs and symptoms of infection | Amphotericin B |
| Trade/Brand name is Cytovene | Ganciclovir |
| I: treats CMV (cytomegallovirus) retinitis (immunosurpressed) | Ganciclovir |
| A: inhibits viral DNA polymerase | Ganciclovir |
| PK: absorbed well, wide distribution, enters CSF, excreted by kidneys, 90 % unmetabolized | Ganciclovir |
| CP: hypersensitivity (acyclovir/ganciclovir), renal impairment, CCr < 80 ml/min decrease geriatric doses, may cause bone marrow depression in immunosurpressed, not recommended for women in child bearing years | Ganciclovir |
| AE:seizures, decreased visual acuity, vitreous hemorrhage, GI bleeding, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia | Ganciclovir |
| IM: wear mask, gloves, gown when prepping meds, discard equipment after prepping, don't give Sub-Q/IM could cause irritation, take w/food, swallow capsules whole, no chewing/crushing, look for phlebitis, stay hydrated, administer slowly via IV pump | Ganciclovir |
| AM: culture for CMV, prior administration opthamlmic exam, every 2 weeks during therapy, look for infection (fever, chills, painful urination, cough)bleeding gums, bruising, petechiae, emesis, don't take rectal temp, monitor blood count, BUN, liver funct. | Ganciclovir |
| Fam Teaching: Notify HCP if fever, chills, sore throat show, follow up w/HCP, take w/food, use condoms/abstinence during therapy | Ganciclovir |
| EV: management of CMV retinitis symptoms in the immunocompromised, prevention of CMV retinitis in transplant patients | Ganciclovir |
| Trade/Brand name is AZT | Zidovudine |
| I: treats HIV infection to prevent maternal-fetal transmission of HIV used in pregnancy | Zidovudine |
| A: Inhibits reverse transcriptase no RNA>DNA conversion/replication | Zidovudine |
| CP: hypersensitivity, no breastfeeding, decreased bone marrow reserve, severe renal/heptic disease, monitor geriatric patients, cardiac, renal and hepatic patients monitor | Zidovudine |
| AE: seizures, headache, weakness, hepatomegaly, pancreatitis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, lactic acidosis, anemia, granulocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy | Zidovudine |
| IX: decreased bone marrow depression w/antineoplastics, ganciclovir | Zidovudine |
| IM:take around the clock, give IV w/0.9NaCl | Zidovudine |
| AM: assess for HIV symptom severity, LABS monitor CD4 count, look out for anemia, may increase AST, ALT, alkaline phosphate levels, lacti acidosis, monitor serum amylase, lipase & triglycerides | Zidovudine |
| Fam Teaching: take as directed, don't share, may cause dizziness, fainting, avoid driving, notify HCP if fever, sore throat, develop, avoid crowds of people w/infection, use soft toothbrush, avoid OTC products, herbal products, followup | Zidovudine |
| EV: decreased viral load, increased CD4 count, delayed progression of AIDS decreased infections decreased maternal-fetal transmission | Zidovudine |
| Trade/Brand name is Aralen | Chloroquine |
| I: prevents malaria, treats extraintestinal amebiasis | Chloroquine |
| A: inhibits protein synthesis (dna & rna polymerase) | Chloroquine |
| CP: hypersensitivity, visual damage, patients on hepatoxic prescriptions, porphyria, liver disease, alcoholism, psoriasis, G6PD deficiency, bone marrow depression, hearing impairment, epilepsy, dont breastfeed, dont give to kids | Chloroquine |
| AE: seizures, stevens johnson, toxic epidermal necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, leukocytopenia | Chloroquine |
| IX: antacids | Chloroquine |
| IM: for malaria suppression/prophylaxis start 2 weeks prior continue for 8weeks, administer w/meals | Chloroquine |
| AM: assess deep tendon reflexes, look for muscle weakness, perform opthalmic exam, observe for rash, improved signs & symptoms, look for decreased WBC & platelets, monitor liver function tests | Chloroquine |
| Fam Teaching: take as directed, avoid alcohol, caution to keep out of reach of children, notify if hypersensitivity reaction | Chloroquine |
| EV: prevention/improvement regression of extraintestinal amebic diseases | Chloroquine |
| Trade/Brand name is Diflucan | Fluconazole |
| I:treats fungal infections | Fluconazole |
| A: inhibits synthesis of fungal sterols | Fluconazole |
| CP: hypersensitivity to other azoles, renal impairment, CCr <50ml/min, liver disease, don't take pregnant, or get pregnant, may breastfeed, increase risk of rash, seizure, diarrhea | Fluconazole |
| AE: stevens johnson, hepatoxicity, exfoliative skin disorders | Fluconazole |
| IM: shake oral suspension well before taking | Fluconazole |
| AM:assess infected area, monitor CSF, cultures, LABS monitor BUN, serum creatinine, liver function tests | Fluconazole |
| Fam Teaching: take as directed, notify HCP if rash, abdominal pain, fever, diarrhea,show, liver dysfunction-jaundice (yellowing), vomiting | Fluconazole |
| EV: resolution of labs, decreased skin irritation | Fluconazole |
| Trade/Brand name is Viracept | Nelfinavir |
| AE: seizures, diarrhea, use OTC immodium | Nelfinavir |
Created by:
abrand
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