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States of Matter
Unit Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 3 parts of the kinetic theory of matter? | 1 - matter is composed of small particles 2 - particles are in constant random motion 3 - particles are colliding with each other and walls of their container |
| no definite shape, but has definite volume | liquid |
| definite shape, definite volume | solid |
| no definite shape or volume | gas |
| particles slide past one another | liquid |
| particles move freely | gas |
| particles are held tightly together | solid |
| high energy matter consisting of positively and negatively charged particles | plasma |
| particles arranged in repeated geometric patterns | solid |
| most common state of matter in the universe | plasma |
| solid -> liquid | melting |
| liquid -> solid | freezing |
| liquid -> gas | evaporation |
| gas -> liquid | condensation |
| solid -> gas | sublimation |
| gas -> solid | deposition |
| List 3 endothermic phase changes | liquid -> solid gas -> liquid gas -> solid |
| What is the opposite of endothermic change? What happens to the particles? List 3 phase changes in which this occurs. | 1 - exothermic change 2- they absorb energy from surroundings, gain kinetic energy, speed up, and lose attractiveness to one another 3 - liquid -> solid gas -> liquid gas -> solid |
| How is a substance's melting point different from its heat of fusion? | A substances |
| Particles of all states of matter move faster and separate as temperature rises, resulting in an increase in size of the entire object. | Thermal expansion |
| An object will ______ if it's weight is greater than the buoyant force on the object. | sink |
| An object _____ if the buoyant force pushing up on it is less than the weight of the object. | sink |
| An object will _____ if it is less dense than the liquid it's placed in. | float |
| __________ _________ states that the buoyant force on an object equals the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. | Archimedes Principle |
| _______ _________ states that the pressure applied to a fluid is exerted throughout the fluid. Give 2 examples of this: | 1 - Pascal's Principle 2 - toothpaste, car jack |
| What is the SI unit for pressure? | pascal |
| What causes atmospheric pressure all around us? | collisions of gas particles in the air |
| What law states that as velocity of a gas or liquid increases, pressure decreases? | Bernoulli’s Principle |
| Explain how planes fly. | Because of the shape of the wing, air moves quicker over the top. Greater Velocity = less collisions of particles = lower pressure |
| What is Boyle’s Law? | As you decrease the volume of a gas, the pressure of the gas increases (volume) (pressure) (inverse proportion) (temp is held constant) |
| What law states that volume of a GAS increases with an increasing temperature? | Charles Law (volume) (temperature) (direct proportion) (pressure is held constant) |
| Describe why boats float despite their large masses. | The shape of the hull increases the overall volume, which decreases the overall density |
Created by:
amiyahmartinez8
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