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Changes in Matter
Grade 8 Q3 Seq 2 What changes can matter go through?
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Atoms | The tiny building blocks that make up everything around us. |
| Cellular respiration | The process cells use to break down food and get energy. |
| Chemical changes | Changes that create new substances with different properties. |
| Chemical formula | A way to show which elements are in a substance and how many atoms of each. |
| Chemical reaction | A process where substances change into new ones with different properties. |
| Chemical weathering | The breakdown of rocks through chemical changes, like acid rain. |
| Closed system | A setup where nothing can enter or leave, like a sealed jar. |
| Compounds | Substances made from two or more elements that are chemically joined. |
| Deposition | When wind, water, or ice drops the material it was carrying, like sand settling. |
| Dissolve | When a substance breaks down and mixes evenly into a liquid. |
| Electrons | Tiny, negatively charged particles that move around the center of an atom. |
| Elements | Pure substances made of only one kind of atom. |
| Erosion | The movement of rocks and soil by wind, water, or ice. |
| Evaporate | When a liquid changes into a gas, like water turning into vapor. |
| Gas | A state of matter with no shape or volume of its own that spreads out to fill space. |
| Heterogeneous | A mixture where you can see the different parts, like a salad. |
| Homogeneous | A mixture that looks the same throughout, like salt water. |
| Insoluble | A substance that does not dissolve in a liquid. |
| Law of Conservation of Mass | The idea that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. |
| Liquid | A state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container. |
| Mass | The amount of matter in something; how much “stuff” it has. |
| Matter | Anything that takes up space and has mass. |
| Mixtures | Combinations of two or more substances that are not chemically joined. |
| Molecules | Two or more atoms bonded together. |
| Open system | A setup where things can enter or leave freely. |
| Outcome (dependent) variable | What you measure in an experiment; the result that depends on what you change. |
| Photosynthesis | The process plants use to make food from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. |
| Physical change | A change in how something looks or feels, but not in what it is made of. |
| Physical weathering | The breaking of rocks into smaller pieces without changing what they're made of. |
| Precipitate | A solid that forms when two liquids are mixed in a chemical reaction. |
| Products | The new substances made in a chemical reaction. |
| Pure substance | Matter made of only one kind of material with definite properties. |
| Reactants | The starting substances in a chemical reaction. |
| Saturated | A solution that has dissolved as much solute as it can hold. |
| Scientific law | A rule that describes something that always happens in nature. |
| Solid | A state of matter that has a fixed shape and volume. |
| Solubility | How much of a substance can dissolve in a liquid. |
| Solute | The substance that gets dissolved in a solution. |
| Solution | A mixture where one substance is completely dissolved in another. |
| Solvent | The substance that dissolves another substance in a solution. |
| Supersaturated | A solution that has more solute than it can normally hold at that temperature. |
| Test (independent) variable | The part of an experiment that you change on purpose. |
| Unsaturated | A solution that can still dissolve more solute. |
| Valence | The number of electrons an atom can use to bond with other atoms. |
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