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Tests & Measurements
Of Tests and Testing
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Age Norms | Norms specifically designed to compare a test taker’s score with those of same-age peers |
| Grade Norms | Norms specifically designed to compare a test taker’s score with peers in the same grade or year in school |
| Classical test theory (CTT) | a system of assumptions about measurement that includes the notion that a test score is composed of a relatively stable component that actually is what the test or individual item is designed to measure, as well as a component that is error |
| Construct | An informed, scientific idea developed or generated to describe or explain behavior |
| criterion-referenced testing and assessment | a method of evaluation and a way of deriving meaning from test scores by evaluating an individual’s score with reference to a set standard |
| Norm-referenced testing and assessment | A method of evaluation and a way of deriving meaning from test scores by evaluating an individual test taker’s score and comparing it to scores of a group of test takers on the same test |
| Incidental sample | the process of arbitrarily selecting some people to be part of a sample because they are readily available, not because they are most representative of the population being studied |
| National norms | Norms derived from a standardization sample that was nationally representative of the population |
| Norm | The test performance data of a group of test takers, designed as a reference for evaluating, interpreting, or otherwise placing in context individual test scores |
| Percentile | An expression of the percentage of people whose score on a test or measure falls below a particular raw score, or a converted score that refers to a percentage of test takers |
| Race norming | The controversial practice of norming on the basis of race or ethnic background |
| Purposive sampling | The arbitrary selection of people to be part of a sample because they are thought to be representative of the population being studied |
| stratified-random sampling | The process of developing a sample based on specific subgroups of a population in which every member has the same chance of being included in the sample |
| Sampling | A general reference to the process of developing a sample |
| State | in psychoanalytic theory, an inferred psychodynamic disposition designed to convey the dynamic quality of id, ego, and superego in perpetual conflict |
| Standardized Test | A process of test development wherein the test is administered to a representative sample of test takers under clearly specified conditions and the data are scored and interpreted |
| Trait | Any distinguishable, relatively enduring way in which one individual varies from another |
| Stratified sampling | The process of developing a sample based on specific subgroups of a population |
| Subgroup norms | Norms for any defined group within a larger group |
| True Score Theory | genuinely reflects an individual’s ability (or trait) level as measured by a particular test |
Created by:
awilliams0526
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