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Mitosis

mitosis

QuestionAnswer
How many parts of Interphase are there? Name them. Growth Phase 1 and 2, Synthesis Phase
What happens in the growth phases? cell is growing and developing organelles
What happens in the synthesis phase? chromosomes duplicate in nucleus. 46 chromosomes
What are the 4 stages of mitosis? prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What happens in prophase? Centrioles move to opposite ends. Nuclear envelope appears. Chromosome coil up into structures.
What happens in metaphase? Spindle fibres attach on the chromosomes and line them up in the middle
What happens in anaphase? Spindle fibres retract and split the chromosomes in half towards each centriole.
What happens in telophase? Spindle fibres go back into centriole. Nuclear envelope starts to form back around both sets of chromosomes.
What are cell checkpoints? How many of them? Points at which the cells decides whether it should divide or not. If cell does not pass checkpoint it is repaired or destroyed. 3 of them in total
What happens in each checkpoint? 1. checks if there is a lack of nutrients to support growth. 2. Checks if DNA strands have not been replicated or been damaged. 3. Chromosomes have not attached to spindle fibres and not moved to opposite sides during anaphase.
What is cytokinesis? The cell membrane pinches off in middle and separates into 2 daughter cells
What is apoptosis? Process of when cells die because it is too old to function
What are cancer cells? Cells that undergo mitosis an infinite number of times and can not die on its own. Does not function normally as its DNA becomes mutated by genetics, smoking, etc
What is a tumor? cells that clump together due to uncontrollable urge to divide
What is the difference in cytokinesis between a plant and animal cell? Animal cell: Cells split into 2 identical cells. Plant cell: A new cell wall is created to separate the organelles of each cells.
Created by: CKChung
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