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Academic Vocab Set 2
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| imagery | the use of descriptive language that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch) to create vivid mental pictures for the reader |
| internal monologue | a narrative device where a character's thoughts and feelings are expressed directly, as if they were speaking to themselves |
| juxtaposition | the act of placing two or more contrasting or dissimilar ideas, objects, characters, or scenes side by side to highlight their differences |
| linear narrative structure | tells a story chronologically, from beginning to end, with events unfolding in a straightforward, logical sequence |
| logos | the use of logic, reason, and evidence to persuade an audience. Ex. I'm trying to convince you of something and choose to use mathematical equations and facts to strengthen my argument. |
| metaphor | a figure of speech that directly compares two unlike things by stating one is the other. Ex. "She's got a heart of gold!" Well, she doesn't literally have a gold heart, but she is good and pure as gold. |
| meter | the rhythmic pattern or structure of a poem based on the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in each line of poetry |
| mood | the overall feeling or atmosphere evoked in the reader by a piece of writing |
| motif | a recurring element, idea, symbol, or image that appears repeatedly throughout a text to reinforce the central theme. Ex. Blood (even imagined blood) is mentioned repeatedly in Macbeth to show his guilt. |
| non-linear narrative structure | a storytelling technique where events are presented out of chronological order. Ex. Pretty much any Quentin Tarantino movie. In most of them, the events are not presented in order. |
| parallelism | using similar grammatical forms and sentence structures to emphasize the equal importance of related ideas in a sentence. Ex. "Fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me," is structured to where each half of the sentence has equal importance. |
| pathos | When a writer uses language or examples to evoke emotion in the reader to sway them. Ex. The ASPCA plays that sad song and shows abused dogs in their commercials to make you sad, so you will give them money. |
| personification | the attribution of human characteristics to something nonhuman. Ex." The house was full of memories." A house can't have memories. It isn't alive. But it made the people reminisce. |
| rhetoric | the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing |
| rhetorical appeals | the persuasive strategies writers and speakers use to convince an audience to accept a particular viewpoint. Typically, it includes ethos, pathos, and logos to sway the audience. |
| rhetorical questions | a question asked in order to create a dramatic effect or to make a point rather than to get an answer. Ex. "Are you kidding me!?" This question was asked more for effect than answer. |
| rhyme scheme | the ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse. |
| satire | the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity |
| simile | a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid. Uses "like" or "as". Ex. "He's crazy like a fox." |
| situational irony | occurs when the outcome of a situation is the opposite of what was expected or intended. Ex. in Romeo and Juliet, Juliet died on her wedding day, and her family used her wedding flowers for the funeral. |
| slant rhyme | rhyming structures with words that share similar sounds but aren't exactly perfect rhymes. Ex. "Orange" and "Door hinge" or "worm" and "swarm" |
| stream of consciousness | a narrative technique that aims to portray a character's internal thoughts and feelings as they unfold, mirroring the continuous, often chaotic, flow of thought |
| symbolism | a literary device where objects, characters, ideas, or actions represent something beyond their literal meaning. Ex. A dove for peace. |
| theme | the central, unifying idea or message explored throughout a work |
| tone | the author's attitude or approach toward the subject matter, characters, and audience, conveyed through word choice, sentence structure, and overall narrative style |
| tone shift | a change in the author's attitude or feeling toward a subject or character, or a change in the overall mood or atmosphere of a piece of writing. Ex. The Harry Potter series starts off much lighter than it ends which shows the growing threat in the plot. |
| understatement | a figure of speech employed by writers or characters to intentionally downplay the significance, severity, or extent of something. Ex. Mercutio says, "Tis but a scratch!" after his fight with Tybalt, but in fact, it was a mortal wound. |
| unreliable narrator | a storyteller whose account of events is not entirely trustworthy, because they're lying or have a skewed perspective on events. Ex. You can't trust most of the narrators in Poe's stories because they're mentally unstable. |
| verbal irony | a literary device where a speaker or writer says one thing but means the opposite. Ex. "What wonderful weather we're having!" when it's storming heavily outside. |
| character foil | A character who serves to emphasize the traits of the main character, by providing a strong contrast. Ex. In Romeo and Juliet, the character Mercutio is very silly and lighthearted to contrast with Romeo's serious, sullen, lovesick nature. |