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Mitosis

Part C of the Study Stack Homework Sheet

QuestionAnswer
Interphase: 1st Growth Phase The cell is growing and developing its organelles.
Interphase: Synthesis Phase Chromosomes replicate in the nucleus --> 2x chromosomes.
Interphase: 2nd Growth Phase The cell continues to grow and develop its organelles.
Mitosis: Prophase Centrioles move to opposite poles, the nuclear envelop disappears, and chromosomes coil up into visible structures.
Mitosis: Metaphase Spindle fibers attach on to the chromosomes (specifically the centromere), and move them to the middle, all lined up.
Mitosis: Anaphase Spindle fibers retract and pull half the chromosomes towards each centriole.
Mitosis: Telophase Spindle fibers are back in the centrioles. the nuclear envelope reappears, and starts to form around both sets of chromosomes.
What are the cell check points? There are 3 main points on the cell cycle where proteins determine whether the cell should divide or not. If it cannot pass, it is repaired or destroyed.
What are the cell check point? Continued. 1) Lack of nutrients to support growth (G1 phase) 2) DNA strands have not been replicated or have been damaged (Synthesis phase) 3) Chromosomes have not attracted themselves to spindle fibers and have not moved to opposite poles. (Metaphase & Anaphase).
What is cytokinesis? The cell is dividing. The cell membrane pinches off in the middle, and separates into 2 daughter cells.
What is apoptosis? Cells die when it's too old to function (cell suicide).
What are cancer cells? A cell that can undergo mitosis infinite number of times, never dies on its own, and does not function normally, its DNA becomes mutated by genetics or by a mutagen.
What are tumors? When a cell can undergo mitosis an unlimited number of times, it clumps together because it keeps of dividing.
Created by: KCY
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