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Part B:
Genes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are chromosomes ? | A chromosome is a package of DNA containing part or all of the genetic material of an organism. In most chromosomes, the very long thin DNA fibers are coated with nucleosome-forming packaging proteins; in eukaryotic cells |
| what are chromatin ? | the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA. Fe |
| what are the three parts of a DNA ? | a phosphate group, a sugar group and one of four types of nitrogen bases |
| what are nitrogenous bases ? | nitrogen-containing organic molecules that are key components of nucleotides |
| what is codon ? | a sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule. |
| what is nucleotide ? | a fundamental building block of DNA and RNA, the molecules that carry genetic information. |
| what are amino acids? | Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups. |
| what are amino proteins? | Amino proteins are proteins composed of chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. |
| what is a gene ? | a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring. |
| what is Phenylketonuria? | Phenylketonuria is an inborn error of metabolism that results in decreased metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine |
| what is down syndrome ? | Down syndrome or Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. |
| what is Huntington disease ? | Huntington's disease, also known as Huntington's chorea, is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that is mostly inherited |
| what is an transgenic organism ? | one whose genome has been altered by introducing foreign DNA from another species through artificial means, a process known as genetic engineering |
| what is a genetic engineering ? | the deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material. |
| what are mutations ? | changes in the DNA sequence of an organism |
| what are mutagens ? | an agent, such as radiation or a chemical substance, which causes genetic mutation. |
| what is cloning ? | the process of creating a genetically identical copy of a cell, tissue, or entire organism. |
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hasinifelixanthon
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