Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Genes
Part B of the Study Stack Homework Sheet
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are chromosomes? | A thread-like structure made up of DNA which controls the function and characteristics of a cell. |
| What are chromatin? | Chromosomes are made up of DNA which are also called chromatin. |
| What are the 3 parts of a DNA? | It is made up of a backbone: 1) Phosphate 2) Deoxyribose (sugar) And the inside: 3) Nucleotide |
| What are the nitrogenous bases? | The nitrogenous bases are either: 1) Adenine 2) Thymine 3) Guanine 4) Cytosine |
| What is a codon? | A 3 nucleotide sequence which the order of nitrogenous bases make up a certain amino acid. |
| What is a nucleotide? | A nucleotide, also called a rung is a 2 letter sequence of either AT (Adenine, Thymine), or GC (Guanine, Cytosine). |
| What are amino acids/proteins? | There are 20 amino acids, that are made from a specific codon sequence. When the amino acids join together, they form a chain also called a protein. The protein carries out a specific task set out from the DNA. Ex: Muscle development, enzymes, hormones. |
| What is a gene? | A segment of DNA strand which controls a certain trait of an individual. Ex: Height. The codon sequence in the gene segment controls how the organism with the certain trait will turn out. |
| What is Phenylketonuria? And how do you test for it? | Also known as PKU. The body does not have an enzyme to digest a certain amino acid called Phenylalanine found in certain proteins, which causes brain damage. You can test for it by testing the baby's blood to see if they have the protein enzyme. |
| What is Down Syndrome? And how do you test for it? | Occurs when an embryo has one extra chromosome. You can test for it by doing amniocentesis, which is when amniotic sac fluid is withdrawn, and a karyotype is taken (a micrograph showing all pairs of chromosomes. |
| What is Huntington Disease? And how do you test for it? | A disease that affects the nerve cells, and makes the person unable to control their muscles. You can test for this by doing a DNA screening for the gene. If 1 parent has the gene, there is a 50% chance for you to get it. |
| What is a transgenic organism? | A genetically modified organism (GMO) whose genes are altered, or genes from another species is inserted. |
| What is genetic engineering? | The process of combining genes (DNA) from one organism to another. |
| What are mutations? | Occurs when the codon sequence in the gene segment of the DNA strand is changed in the order it was in. This creates an abnormality of the protein the codon makes which means the proteins cannot do its function properly. |
| What are mutagens? | Radiation or substance that causes the genes to mutate Ex: Smoking. The mutagens that affect codons only in the gene. |
| What is cloning? | The process of creating identical genetic copies of an organism. |
| How do you clone something? | Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned. Here is how they did it: 1) Remove the nucleus form an unfertilized sheep egg. 2) Get a cell from an adult sheep and put it in a chemical bath with the egg. |
| How do you clone something? Pt. 2 | 3) The adult cell and egg were fused together by electricity 4) The fused cells start to divide to form an embryo 5) The embryo was implanted into a surrogate. |
Created by:
KCY
Popular Life Science sets