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Evolution

Vocabulary Practice

TermDefinition
Adaptation A trait or behavior that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
Anatomical Homology Physical structures are shared by different species because they have a common ancestor.
Biogeography The study of where plants and animals live on Earth and how they got there.
Bottleneck Effect A big drop in population size that reduces genetic variety in a species.
Competition for Resources The struggle between organisms to get things like food, water, and space to survive.
Differential Reproductive Success When some organisms have traits that help them survive and reproduce more than others.
Directional Selection A type of natural selection that favors one extreme trait in a population.
Disruptive Selection A type of natural selection that favors both extreme traits in a population but not the average ones.
Environmental Conditions Factors like climate, food, and water that affect where plants and animals can live.
Evolution The gradual change of species over time due to natural selection and other processes.
Fossil Record All the fossils discovered, which show the history of life on Earth.
Gene Flow Movement of genes from one population to another, increasing variety.
Genetic Drift A random change in the frequency of traits in a population, especially in small populations.
Genetic Recombination Mixing of genes during reproduction that creates new trait combinations.
Gradualism The idea that small changes add up over a long time to create new species.
Inherited Variation Differences in traits passed from parents to offspring.
Mutation A change in DNA that can introduce new traits.
Natural Selection The process where organisms with helpful traits survive and reproduce, passing those traits on.
Overproduction of Offspring When more babies are born than can survive, creating competition.
Punctuated Equilibrium A pattern of evolution where species stay the same for a long time, then quickly change in short bursts.
Speciation The formation of a new species.
Stabilizing Selection A type of natural selection that favors average traits over extremes.
Stasis A period when a species doesn't change much for a long time.
Survival of the Fittest When organisms with traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive.
Created by: user-1948527
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