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Psychology Ch. 13
Personality
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| personality | an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting |
| psychoanalysis | 1) Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts 2) Freud's therapeutic technique |
| free association | in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing |
| id | a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives - operates on pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification |
| ego | the partly conscious executive part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the id, the superego, and reality - operates on reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure |
| superego | the partly conscious part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgement (the conscience) and for future aspirations |
| repression | in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories |
| defense mechanisms | in psychoanalytic theory, the ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality |
| projection | individuals unconsciously attribute their own unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or impulses to others |
| rationalization | individuals construct seemingly logical explanations to justify their behaviors, thoughts, or feelings that are difficult to accept, often to protect their self-esteem or avoid feelings of guilt |
| displacement | negative emotions are redirected from their original source onto a less threatening target |
| denial | individuals refuse to acknowledge or recognize objective facts or realities that are too distressing or anxiety-provoking |
| Rorschach inkblot test | projective test designed by Hermann Rorschach; seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing how they interpret 10 inkblots |
| Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) | projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes |
| introvert | personality in which individual focuses more on inner thoughts and feelings than external stimuli |
| extrovert | personality in which individual focuses more on external stimuli than inner thoughts and feelings |
| openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism | Big Five factors of personality (OCEAN) |
Created by:
cadence.a15
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