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Drug Interactions
Drug-drug and drug-nutrient interactions needed for the PTCB / CPhT exam
| Drug | Effects and side effects are.. |
|---|---|
| Carbamazepine (Tegretol, amb. High-alert anticonvulsant) | INCREASED by erythromycin, clarithromycin, fluconazole, grapefruit juice |
| Central nervous stimulants | INCREASED by caffeine |
| Cimetidine (H2 Blocker) | DEcreased by antacids |
| Digoxin (Lanoxin, Class V antiarrhythmic, Cardiac Glycoside) | INCREASED by quinidine, Ginseng |
| Fluoroquinolones (-floxacin antibiotics) | DEcreased by aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron-containing meds |
| Griseofulvin (antifungal) | INCREASED by fatty foods |
| HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) | INCREASED by erythromycin, itraconazole, niacin, gemfibrozil, grapefruit juice |
| Ketoconazole (Nizoral, antifungal) | INCREASED by echinacea (gives hepatoxicity) DEcreased by antacids |
| Levothyroxine | DEcreased by iron tablets |
| Lithium (bipolar) | INCREASED by Diuretics, NSAIDs |
| Losartan (Cozaar, ARB) | DEcreased by Grapefruit juice |
| Morphine (C-II Opioid analgesic) | DEcreased by Naloxone |
| Nitrates (nitroglycerin, isosorbide mononitrate, isosorbide dinitrate) | INCREASED by PDE5 inhibitors (sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil) |
| Oral contraceptives | DEcreased by antibiotics |
| Penicillin | DEcreased by probenecid (uric acid reducer for gout) |
| Phenobarbital (Luminal, barbituate anticonvulsant / sedative) | DEcreased by phenytoin |
| SSRIs | INCREASED by triptans (5-HT 1B/1D Receptor agonists) |
| TCAs (tricyclic antidepressants like Amitriptyline and Nortriptyline) | INCREASED by SSRIs |
| Tetracycline (antibiotic) | DEcreased by Ketoconazole, antacids |
| Potassium chloride (Klor-Con or K-Dur) | INCREASED by spironolactone |
| Warfarin (Coumadin, Vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant) | INCREASED by ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, Aspirin, NSAIDs, Gingko Biloba DEcreased by Ginseng, St. John's Wort, and vitamin K -- Cranberry juice, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage, romaine lettuce, spinach |
| Alprazolam (Xanax, benzodiazepine) | INCREASED by grapefruit juice |
| Amiodarone (Cordarone / Pacerone, Class III antiarrhythmic) | INCREASED by grapefruit juice |
| Atorvastatin | INCREASED by grapefruit juice |
| Calcium channel blockers | INCREASED by grapefruit juice |
| Estrogens | INCREASED by grapefruit juice, Ginseng, Black cohosh DEcreased by St. John's Wort |
| Verapamil | INCREASED by grapefruit juice |
| Terazosin | DEcreased by Ginseng, Garlic |
| NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen, etc.) | INCREASED by (or increases) Gingko Biloba, Lithium, Warfarin |
| Clopidogrel | INCREASED by Gingko Biloba |
| St. John's Wort | INCREASES SNRIs (duloxetine, venlafaxine) and paroxetine DEcreases Estrogens, HIV antiviral drugs, and Warfarin |
Created by:
pdressel
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