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Physical Science

Physical Science Key Terms

TermDefinition
element They are found on the periodic table. They are made up of three subatomic particles: protons which are positive, neutrons that are neutral and electrons that are negative. Elements cannot be broken down any further, they are a pure substance.
compound Two or more elements that are chemically combined. They are a pure substance because they cannot be broken down any further without chemical means. Compounds have a set chemical formula.
atomic mass The number at the bottom of the elemental box. The atomic mass minus the atomic number is the number of neutrons in an element. For our purposes in 8th grade, the atomic mass can be rounded.
atomic number The number at the top of the elemental box. This number tells us the number of protons. For our purposes in 8th grade, this is also the number of electrons. As you move into high school science, this will change due to different bonds.
chemical formula Elements laid out in a specific ratio that shows the composition of each compound.
periodic table All of the elements arranged in order by proton/atomic number. Several patterns appear due to similar properties, size of atom, oxidization and reactivity.
physical change A change that a substance undergoes that does not turn the substance into something new. Examples: changing the color, cutting it into a new shape, changing the temperature.
chemical change A change that a substance undergoes that turns it into a new substance, changing the chemical makeup. Examples: an element reacting with another element, forming a new substance.
law of conservation of mass Matter cannot be created or destroyed.
Created by: user-1945383
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