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Unit 5 Vocab
Unit 5 Food For All
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Absorb | The process by which a substance (like nutrients or fluids) is taken in or soaked up by a cell, tissue, or organ, often across a membrane |
| Agriculture | The cultivation of plants and the raising of livestock to produce food, fiber, and other resources, utilizing biological processes and principles to sustain life and provide economic gain |
| ATP Energy | The primary energy-carrying molecules in cells. Produced in the mitochondria through the process of cellular respiration |
| Biomass | The total mass of living organisms or organic matter in a specific area or ecosystem, encompassing plants, animals, and microorganisms. |
| Carbon Dioxide | CO2 is a chemical compound made up of one atom of the element carbon and two atoms of oxygen. |
| Carrying Capacity | The maximum number of individuals of a species that an environment can sustainable support, given the available resources like food, water, and habitat. |
| Cellular Respiration | the process by which cells break down food molecules (like glucose) to release energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), using oxygen and glucose and producing carbon dioxide and water as biproducts. |
| Competition | a relationship between organisms that strive for the same limited resources, like food, water, or space, withing the same ecosystem |
| Consumer | an organism that cannot produce its own food and instead obtains energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter. |
| Crop | a plant or plant product that can be grown and harvested for profit or subsistence |
| Decomposition | the process by which dead organic substances are broken down into simpler organic or inorganic matter such as carbon dioxide, water, simple sugars and mineral salts. |
| Digest | the process of breaking down large molecules into smaller, simpler molecules that the body can absorb and use for energy, growth, and repair. |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | A state where an ecosystem maintains a balance between its various components (biotic and abiotic) despite ongoing changes and fluctuations, with the system constantly adjusting to maintain stability |
| Ecosystem | a community of living organisms (biotic factors) interacting with their physical environment (abiotic factors) and each other, forming a self-sustaining system |
| Food Chain | a linear sequence of organisms through which energy and nutrients are transferred as one organism consumes another. It illustrates the flow of energy from producers (like plants) to consumers (like animals) and ultimately to decomposers |
| Food Web | a diagram that illustrates the interconnected feeding relationships and energy flow between different organisms (plants, animals, and decomposers) within an ecosystem |
| Epidemic | an increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected in that population in that area |
| Glucose | A simple sugar (monosaccharide) that serves as the primary source of energy for cells and is the main form of sugar circulating in the blood |
| Indigenous | Organisms, like plants or animals, that are naturally occurring or native to a specific region or ecosystem, meaning they evolved and have always lived there, without being introduced by humans |
| Limiting Factors | Any environmental condition or resource that restricts the growth, distribution, or abundance of a population or organism within an ecosystem |
| Mitochondria | Organelle that produces ATP through cellular respiration |
| Neolithic Revolution | Shift from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a settled, agricultural on, marked by the domestication of plants and animals, which led to significant changes in human societies and environments |
| Organism | An individual living thing that carries on the activities of life by means of organs which have separate functions but are dependent on each other |
| Outbreak | A sudden increase in the number of disease cases above what is normally expected in a specific location or population over a specific time period |
| Photosynthesis | The biological process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy (usually from the sun) into chemical energy (glucose) using carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a byproduct |
| Population | A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area and capable of interbreeding, forming a unit that can be studied for its dynamics and interactions with the environment |
| Predator | An animal that kills and eats other animals. Example: hawks and coyotes both eat small rodents, they are predators |
| Prehistoric | The period of Earth’s history and life forms that existed before the development of written records and human civilization, encompassing the time before the emergence of Homo sapiens and their ability to document events |
| Prey | Animals that are killed and eaten by other animals |
| Producer | Also known as an autotroph. An organism that can create its own food from inorganic sources, forming the base of food chains and food webs. |
| Reactant | The substances which participate in a chemical reaction (the ingredients) |
| Selective Breeding Transmission | Also known as artificial selection. The process where humans intentionally breed plants and animals with desirable traits to create offspring with those same traits |
| Product | A molecule or substance that is formed as a result of a chemical reaction or metabolic process within a living organism. |
Created by:
LFeldmann
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