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Study Guide: Energy
| Answer | Question |
|---|---|
| The law of conversation | Enery can niether be created nor destroyed energy can only be converted from one form to another or transferred from one place to another |
| Temperature | A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles that makeup an object |
| Gravitational potential energy | The energy stored in an object due to its position above the earth's surface |
| Convection | The transfer of thermal energy in fluid (liquid/gas) by the movements of particles |
| Convection | Heat rises as temperature increases; particles gain more kinetic energy. They move faster and spread out more which makes the material less dense |
| Convection | Cool particles have less kinetic energy and are less spread out. This makes the material denser, therefore it'll sink below less dense material. |
| Conduction | Transfer of thermal energy by collisions between particles |
| Conduction | spreads thermal energy from warm to cool areas |
| Conduction | is faster in solids and liquids, slower in gasses because the particles are more spread out |
| Conduction | Metals are the best conduction of thermal energy; electrons are not bound to a single atom; they move freely throughout the metal |
| Specific heat | the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of that material by 1 Celsius |
| Specific heat | Measured in joules per kilogram degree Celsius |
| Specific heat | The lower a material what equals the more its temperature rises when a given amount of energy is absorbed by a given mass |
| Thermal energy | Sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy of all the particles that makeup an object |
| Thermal energy | what depends on phase, mass, and temperature |
| Heat | energy that is transferred between objects due to a temperature difference |
| Radiation | Transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves, such as light and microwaves |
| Radiation | what waves travel easily through a vacuum and is transferred from the sun to earth through electromagnetic waves |
| Kinetic energy | The energy that objects possess due to their motion |
| Thermal conductor | Materials through which thermal energy transfers easily. |
| Thermal conductors | Metals like copper, aluminum, and gold tend to be good what of heat and electricity |
| Thermal insulators | Material through which thermal energy moves slowly |
| Thermal insulators | wood, fiberglass, and air are good what |
| Thermal insulators | Metals, and other good conductors are bad what because they allow thermal energy to move rapidly from one place to another |
Created by:
walshg
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