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Muscle Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Muscle Fiber The basic unit of a muscle
Sarcoplasm The cytoplasm of a muscle fiber
Myofibril Long filaments that run parallel within a muscle fiber and are responsible for muscle contraction
Sarcomere The structural unit of a myofibril in striated muscle responsible for the muscle's contractile properties
Actin A protein that forms thin filaments within muscle cells playing a key role in muscle contraction
Myosin A protein that forms thick filaments working with actin to produce muscle contraction
Tendon Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone transmitting the force of muscle contraction
Fascia A band or sheet of connective tissue that supports and surrounds muscles and organs
Neuromuscular Junction The synapse or junction between the motor neuron and the muscle fiber it controls
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) The energy currency of the cell crucial for muscle contraction and relaxation
Motor Unit A single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates
Muscle Hypertrophy The increase in muscle size due to exercise particularly strength training
Muscle Atrophy The decrease in muscle size and strength often due to inactivity or disease
Isometric Contraction Muscle contraction without a change in the length of the muscle
Isotonic Contraction Muscle contraction with a change in the length of the muscle such as in lifting weights
Flexor A muscle that serves to bend a limb or body part
Extensor A muscle that serves to straighten a limb or body part
Origin The attachment site of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during contraction
Insertion The attachment site of a muscle that moves during contraction
Sarcolemma The cell membrane of a muscle fiber playing a crucial role in the transmission of action potentials
Created by: bryan.smith
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