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LS.8.2
Populations and Ecosystems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Symbiosis | Interaction between two different organisms living in close physical association |
| Predation | An interaction between species in which one species (the predator) eats the other (the prey) |
| Parasitism | A relationship between two organisms in which one benefits or lives off the other |
| Mutualism | A relationship between two species of organisms that both benefit from the relationship |
| Competition | An interaction between organisms or species for resources (food, shelter, etc.) |
| Commensalism | An association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm. |
| Coexistence | The living together of two organisms or species in the same habitat without trying to eliminate the other |
| Population | A group of individuals of one species in an area |
| Density-Independent Factor | The tendency for the death, birth, or growth rate in a population neither to rise nor fall as the density increases |
| Density-Dependent Factor | The tendency for the death rate in a population to increase, or the birth or growth rate to decrease, as the density of the population increases |
| Biotic Factor | A living feature of an ecosystem (plants, animals, leaves, etc.) |
| Biodiversity | The variety of life in the world or in a particular ecosystem or habitat |
| Abiotic Factor | A non-living feature of an ecosystem (rock, water, sun, etc.) |
| Autotroph/Producer | An organism that can produce its own food using light, water, carbon dioxide, or other chemicals |
| Carbon Cycle | The transfer of carbon through naturally occurring processes between organisms and the environment |
| Carnivore | An organism that eats meat, from other animals |
| Decomposer | Organisms that break down waste and the remains of other organisms to return the raw materials back to the ecosystem |
| Ecological Pyramid (also known as Trophic Pyramid) | Models that show how energy flows through ecosystems |
| Energy Pyramid | A type of ecological pyramid that is a graphical representation, showing the flow of energy at each trophic level in an ecosystem |
| Food Chain | The order in which matter and energy in the form of food is transferred from one organism to another |
| Food Web | A network of food chains or feeding relationships |
| Herbivore | An animal that feeds on plants |
| Heterotroph/ Consumer | An organism that cannot make its own food and gets its food from other organisms |
| Omnivore | An organism that eats both plants and animals |
| Trophic Level | Each level in the transfer of energy through an ecosystem |
| Photosynthesis | the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water |
| Cellular Respiration | The chemical process that generates most of the energy in the cell, supplying molecules needed to make the metabolic reactions |
| Metabolism | the chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life |
| Nutrient | A substance used by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce |
| Carbohydrate | a nutrient that provides energy, typically made of sugars or starches |
| Protein | a nutrient that is especially for the growth and repair of body tissue; building blocks |
| Lipid | The body uses fat as a fuel source, and fat is the major storage form of energy in the body. |
| Water Cycle | The journey water takes as it circulates from the land to the sky and back again. |
| Anaerobic Bacteria | Bacteria that gets their energy from chemical process that do not require oxygen |
| Digestion | The process by which the body breaks down food molecules into smaller, absorbable nutrient through mechanical and chemical means |
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